I-Ice Hockey: Umhlahlandlela Wabaqalayo

Ihokhi yeqhwa iwuhlobo lwe hockey kudlalwa eqhweni. Umdlalo uwela ngaphansi kwe-ibhola ezemidlalo” kodwa i-puck edlalwayo ayilona ibhola eliyindilinga, kodwa idiski eliyisicaba lerabha, amayintshi angu-3 ububanzi nogqinsi oluyiyintshi elingu-1. Abadlali basebenzisa induku enendawo enkulu eyisicaba.

Ngamafuphi, umdlalo ongawuchaza kangcono njengohlobo “lwehockey ihlangana negalofu”.

Iyini i-Ice Hockey?

Ihokhi yeqhwa wumdlalo owudlala eqhweni. Iwuhlobo lwehokhi, kodwa esikhundleni sebhola eliyindilinga, usebenzisa i-flat disc yerabha, ebizwa nangokuthi "i-puck". Inhloso yomdlalo ukufaka i-puck kugoli lombangi. Kungumdlalo webhola, kodwa nge-flat disc.

Idlalwa kanjani i-ice hockey?

Ihokhi yeqhwa idlalwa namaqembu amabili anabadlali abahlanu iqembu ngalinye kanye nonozinti. Inhloso yomdlalo ukufaka i-puck kugoli lombangi. Iqembu elishaye amagoli amaningi ekupheleni komdlalo liyawina. Umdlalo uqukethe izikhathi ezintathu zemizuzu engama-20 namakhefu ama-2 emizuzu eyi-15.

Yini eyenza i-ice hockey ikhetheke kangaka?

Ihokhi yeqhwa wumdlalo ogxile kakhulu emakhono, isivinini, ukuziphatha kanye nokusebenzisana. Ijubane elisheshayo legeyimu ye-ice hockey lihlola ukusebenzisana kwabadlali, ukushesha kanye nesivinini. Kungumdlalo lapho ukuthintana ngokomzimba kuvunyelwe futhi abadlali behamba ngama-skates.

Yini oyidingayo ukuze udlale i-ice hockey?

Ukuze udlale i-ice hockey udinga izinto ezimbalwa, njengeziketi, induku kanye negiya lokuzivikela. Ama-skates ayisisetshenziswa esibaluleke kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthenga ama-skates alingana kahle futhi angemakhulu kakhulu. I-ice hockey stick inendawo enkulu eyisicaba futhi yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukushaya i-puck. Izimpahla zokuzivikela, njengezigqoko zokuzivikela, amagilavu ​​kanye nezinsimbi zokuvikela i-shin, nazo zibalulekile ukuvimbela ukulimala.

Iyini imithetho ye-ice hockey?

Imithetho ye-ice hockey ingahluka kusuka kwiligi ukuya kwelinye, kodwa ngokuvamile ifana kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukwazi imithetho kahle ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukudlala. Isibonelo, awuvunyelwe ukushaya ngenduku yakho ngaphezu kwamahlombe ophikisana naye futhi awuvunyelwe ukuthinta i-puck ngezandla zakho.

Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-ice hockey?

Ihokhi yeqhwa ayiwona nje umdlalo ojabulisayo ongawudlala, kodwa futhi inezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo. Kungumdlalo lapho ushisa khona ama-calories amaningi futhi uthuthukise isimo sakho. Iphinde ithuthukise ukusebenzisana kwakho nokulinganisela. Futhi kuwumdlalo wokuxhumana nabantu lapho ungahlangana khona nabantu abasha futhi nisebenze ndawonye njengeqembu.

Yiziphi izingozi ze-ice hockey?

Njenganoma yimuphi umdlalo, kunezingozi ezihlobene nokudlala i-ice hockey. Kungumdlalo lapho ukuthintana ngokomzimba kuvunyelwe, ngakho-ke kunengozi yokulimala. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela kanye nokwazi imithetho kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungawa kanjani ngokuphepha ukuze uvimbele ukulimala.

Liyini ikusasa le-ice hockey?

I-ice hockey wumdlalo osunesikhathi eside ukhona futhi osadumile emhlabeni wonke. Maningi amaligi nemiqhudelwano lapho amaqembu aqhamuka emazweni ahlukene edlala ebhekene. Lo mdlalo uyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka futhi ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ukwenza lo mdlalo uphephe futhi ube mnandi. Ngakho ikusasa le-ice hockey libukeka liqhakazile!

Umlando we-ice hockey

Ihokhi yeqhwa ngumdlalo owasungulwa eCanada, lapho wathuthukiswa khona ngekhulu le-18 ngamasosha aseNgilandi. La masosha ahlanganisa ulwazi lwawo lwehokhi kanye nezici ezibonakalayo zalokho isizwe saseMi'kmaq saseNova Scotia esikubiza ngokuthi "dehuntshigwa," okusho ukuthi "i-lacrosse." Lokhu bakwenza ukuze badlule ebusika obubandayo baseCanada.

Igama elithi "hockey" livela egameni lesiFulentshi elithi "hoquet", okusho ukuthi "induku". Lokhu kusho induku esetshenziselwa ukushaya i-puck. Umdlalo wokuqala osemthethweni we-ice hockey wadlalwa ngo-1875 eMontreal, eCanada.

Eminyakeni yokuqala ye-ice hockey yayingekho imithetho futhi ukuxhumana okuningi ngokomzimba kwakuvunyelwe. Lokhu kwaholela ekulimaleni okuningi nezimo eziyingozi eqhweni. Ngo-1879, kwadwetshwa imithetho yokuqala, kuhlanganise nokwenqatshelwa ukubamba imbangi nokushaya ngenduku.

Ngawo-1890, i-ice hockey yakhula ngokuduma futhi kwasungulwa amaligi amaningi. Ngo-1917, kwasungulwa i-National Hockey League (NHL), eseyiligi ehlonishwa kakhulu kuze kube namuhla.

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, i-ice hockey nayo yaduma eYurophu nase-Asia, lapho yayidlalwa khona kakhulu amasosha. Ngemva kwempi, i-ice hockey yaduma kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi kwahlelwa imiqhudelwano yamazwe ngamazwe.

Ngeminyaka yawo-1970 kanye nawo-1980, i-ice hockey yaya ngokuya iba umdlalo okhokhelwayo futhi yanda imithetho eyengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwabadlali. Namuhla, i-ice hockey ingomunye wemidlalo ethandwa kakhulu futhi ebabazekayo emhlabeni, abalandeli emhlabeni wonke bejabulela isivinini sabadlali, amandla omzimba namakhono obuchwepheshe.

Ngakho-ke uma uke wema eqhweni wabuka i-puck fly, manje uyazi ukuthi ubona umdlalo owaqala ebusika obubandayo baseCanada futhi osuphenduke waba nomuzwa womhlaba wonke.

Izikhundla ezahlukene ku-ice hockey

Uma ubuka umdlalo we-hockey yeqhwa, uzobona ukuthi kunabadlali abambalwa eqhweni. Umdlali ngamunye unesikhundla sakhe kanye neqhaza lakhe emdlalweni. Ngezansi sichaza ukuthi yiziphi izikhundla ezihlukene nokuthi iyini imisebenzi yazo.

Isikhungo

Isikhungo singumholi weqembu ohlaselayo futhi ngokuvamile sidlala enkabeni yeqhwa. Unesibopho sokuwina ama-faceoffs nokusabalalisa i-puck kozakwabo beqembu. Isikhungo siphinde sibe nendima yokuzivikela futhi kumele siqinisekise ukuthi isitha asisondeli kakhulu epalini.

Abadlali Abadlali

I-winger yesokunxele kanye ne-right winger bangabadlali beqembu futhi bame ezinhlangothini zeqhwa. Ngokuvamile bangabadlali abalula nabashesha kakhulu eqenjini futhi banesibopho sokuhlasela iqembu elimelene nabo. Ama-wingers ahlala phezulu ebhokisini nabadlali basemuva bezokuvikela ukuze basabele ngokushesha lapho behlaselwa.

Isivikelo

Abadlali bezokuvikela banesibopho sokuvikela inhloso yabo. Bama ngemuva kweqhwa bese bezama ukuvimba abamelene nabo futhi bathathe i-puck. Abadlali bezokuvikela nabo banendima ebalulekile ekumiseni ukuhlasela.

Onozinti

Unozinti umugqa wokugcina wokuvikela weqembu futhi umi phambi kwegoli labo. Umsebenzi wakhe ukumisa i-puck futhi avimbele isitha ekushayeni igoli. Unozinti unemishini ekhethekile yokuzivikela ekudubuleni kanzima komphikisi.

Ingabe bewazi lokho?

• Lesi sikhungo siphinde sibe neqhaza elibalulekile ekuvikeleni inhloso yabo.
• Abadlali bokuvikela akumele bawele umugqa obomvu wesitha, ngaphandle kwalokho umdlalo uzophazamiseka uma u-offside.
• Unozinti angase ahlale eshintshwa ngumdlali ukuze akhe ukubusa ngezimo ezi-6 ngokumelene nezi-5.
• Unozinti angakwazi ukuzihlukanisa phakathi nomdlalo we-ice hockey ngokumisa i-puck ngakho-ke ungomunye wabadlali ababaluleke kakhulu eqhweni.

Amaligi ahlukene ku-ice hockey

Ihokhi yeqhwa iwumdlalo womhlaba wonke futhi kukhona amaligi amaningana lapho amaqembu aqhudelana khona ukuze athole isicoco. Ngezansi uzothola umbono wemincintiswano ebaluleke kakhulu.

INational Hockey League (NHL)

I-NHL iyiligi ye-ice hockey enkulu kunazo zonke futhi ehlonishwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kungumqhudelwano waseNyakatho Melika lapho amaqembu aqhamuka eCanada nase-United States edlala khona. I-NHL yasungulwa ngo-1917 futhi njengamanje inamaqembu angama-31. Amaqembu adume kakhulu yiMontreal Canadiens, iToronto Maple Leafs kanye neNew York Rangers. I-NHL yaziwa kakhulu ngokudlala kwayo ngokomzimba kanye nesenzo esisheshayo.

I-Continental Hockey League (KHL)

I-KHL iyiligi enkulu ye-ice hockey ngaphandle kwaseNyakatho Melika. Kungumqhudelwano waseRussia lapho amaqembu aqhamuka eRussia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Latvia, Finland neChina edlala khona. I-KHL yasungulwa ngo-2008 futhi njengamanje inamaqembu angama-24. Amaqembu adume kakhulu yi-CSKA Moscow, SKA Saint Petersburg kanye noJokerit Helsinki. I-KHL yaziwa ngokudlala kwayo kobuchwepheshe nokuhlasela okusheshayo.

I-Swedish Hockey League (SHL)

I-SHL iyiligi enkulu ye-ice hockey yaseSweden. Kuwumqhudelwano lapho amaqembu aqhamuka eSweden edlala khona wodwa. I-SHL yasungulwa ngo-1922 futhi njengamanje inamaqembu ayi-14. Amaqembu adume kakhulu yi-Färjestad BK, Frölunda HC ne-HV71. I-SHL yaziwa ngokudlala kwayo ngobuchule nokuzivikela okuqinile.

I-Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL)

I-DEL iyiligi enkulu ye-ice hockey yaseJalimane. Kuwumqhudelwano lapho amaqembu aqhamuka eGermany eqhululana wodwa. I-DEL yasungulwa ngo-1994 futhi njengamanje inamaqembu angu-14. Amaqembu adume kakhulu yi-Eisbären Berlin, i-Adler Mannheim ne-Kölner Haie. I-DEL yaziwa ngokudlala kwayo ngokomzimba nokuhlasela okusheshayo.

I-Champions Hockey League (CHL)

I-CHL umqhudelwano we-European ice hockey lapho amaqembu avela emazweni ahlukene edlala ebhekene. I-CHL yasungulwa ngo-2014 futhi njengamanje inamaqembu angama-32. Amaqembu adume kakhulu yiFrölunda HC, Red Bull Munich neHC Davos. I-CHL yaziwa ngomlingiswa wayo wamazwe ngamazwe nokuncintisana okuqinile.

Ama-Olympics

Ihokhi yeqhwa nayo ingenye Umdlalo wama-Olympic futhi idlalwa njalo eminyakeni emine phakathi neMidlalo Yama-Olympic Yasebusika. Kuwumqhudelwano wamazwe omhlaba lapho amaqembu aqhamuka emazweni ahlukene edlala ngokulingana. Amaqembu adume kakhulu yiCanada, i-United States neRussia. Umqhudelwano we-Olympic ice hockey waziwa ngemidlalo yawo ethokozisayo nemiphumela emangalisayo.

Amasu ahlukene ku-ice hockey

Uma ucabanga nge-hockey yeqhwa, cishe ucabanga ngabadlali abashwiba kanzima futhi babambana bodwa. Kodwa maningi amanye amasu asetshenziswa kulo mdlalo. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ukuphatha izinduku: Lobu ubuciko bokulawula i-puck ngenduku yakho. Abadlali basebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuze baqondise i-puck, njengokuthi "ukudonsa uzwane" lapho umdlali edonsa khona i-puck ngemuva kwenduku yakhe abese eya phambili ngokushesha ukuze agweme umvikeli.
• Ukushwiba: I-skating ku-ice hockey yehlukile kune-skating evamile. Abadlali kumele bakwazi ukuma bashintshe indlela ngokushesha, futhi kumele bakwazi nokushwiba nge-puck enamathiselwe endukwini yabo.
• Ukudubula: Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamashothi ku-ice hockey, njengokuthi "i-slap shot" lapho umdlali eshaya khona i-puck ngamandla amakhulu, kanye "nokushutha esihlakaleni" lapho umdlali edubula khona i-puck ngesandla sakhe. Abadlali kumele futhi bakwazi ukudubula ngenkathi benyakaza.
• Ihlola: Lesi isici esingokomzimba se-ice hockey, lapho abadlali bezama ukulwa bodwa futhi bawine i-puck. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlola, njengokuthi "ukuhlola umzimba" lapho umdlali esebenzisa umzimba wakhe ukuze abhekane nophikisana naye, kanye "nokuhlola i-poke" lapho umdlali esebenzisa khona induku yakhe ukuze athathe i-puck.
• Ukuvala ubuso: Lokhu ukuqala kwenkathi ngayinye nangemuva kwegoli ngalinye. Abadlali babhekana bodwa futhi bazame ukuwina i-puck uma unompempe eyiwisa phakathi kwabo.

Ukwazi lezi zindlela kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele ku-ice hockey. Kudinga ukuzilolonga nokuzinikela okukhulu ukuze ube umdlali we-ice hockey omuhle. Kodwa uma uthola i-hang of it, ingenye yezemidlalo ejabulisa kakhulu ongayidlala futhi uyibuke. Ngakho-ke gqoka iziketi zakho bese ushaya iqhwa!

Izinzuzo ze-ice hockey

I-ice hockey akuwona nje umdlalo ojabulisayo ongawudlala, futhi inezinzuzo eziningi ezinganeni. Nazi izizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani kufanele ucabange ukukhuthaza izingane zakho ukuthi zidlale i-ice hockey:

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuciko kanye nekhono lokuxhumanisa

Ihokhi yeqhwa idinga ukunyakaza okuningi kanye nokukhalipha okusheshayo. Ngokudlala lo mdlalo, izingane zingathuthukisa amakhono azo obuciko nokuxhumana. Kumele bakwazi ukusabela ngokushesha ezimweni ezishintshayo futhi bagcine imizimba yabo ilinganisela ngenkathi behamba eqhweni.

Ukuqinisa imisipha

I-ice hockey wumdlalo womzimba odinga amandla amaningi. Abadlali kumele basebenzise imizimba yabo ukushwibeka, bashaye i-puck, baphushe futhi badonse abanye abadlali. Le misebenzi ivumela izingane ukuthi ziqinise imisipha yazo futhi zithuthukise impilo yazo yonke yomzimba.

Ukuthuthukisa ukuzethemba nokuzethemba

Ihokhi yeqhwa ingaba yindlela enhle yokuthuthukisa ukuzethemba kwezingane. Ukuba yingxenye yeqembu nokuba negalelo empumelelweni yeqembu kusiza izingane ukuthi zizizwe kahle ngabo nangamakhono azo. Lokhu kungaholela ekuzethembeni okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuzethemba okuhle.

Hlanganyela nabanye

I-ice hockey wumdlalo weqembu futhi udinga ukuthi abadlali basebenzisane ukuze baphumelele. Ngokuhlanganyela kulo mdlalo, izingane zingakwazi ukufunda ukusebenzisana ngokuphumelelayo nabanye futhi zibe nengxenye empumelelweni yeqembu. Lokhu kungaba amakhono abalulekile abangawasebenzisa kamuva ekuphileni.

Indlela enhle yokuzigcina ufanelekile

Ihokhi yeqhwa iyindlela ejabulisayo yokuhlala ufanelekile futhi usebenza. Kungasiza izingane ukuba zibe nemikhuba enempilo futhi zizikhuthaze ukuba zizivocavoce njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudlala i-ice hockey kungaba yindlela enhle yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokuthuthukisa impilo yengqondo.

Ngakho-ke uma ufuna umdlalo ojabulisayo noyinselele wezingane zakho, cabanga ukuzikhuthaza ukuthi zidlale i-ice hockey. Kungabasiza bathuthukise amakhono abo, kukhuphule ukuzethemba kwabo futhi kubasize bahlale benempilo futhi bekhuthele.

Izingozi ze-ice hockey

Ihokhi yeqhwa wumdlalo lapho kungaba nzima kakhulu nalapho abadlali bengashayisana khona. Lokhu kudala ubungozi obudingekayo ngenkathi udlala lo mdlalo. Ngezansi uzothola ezinye zalezi zingozi:

• Ukulimala: Ku-ice hockey kuhlale kunengozi yokulimala. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imihuzuko, ama-sprains, ukuphuka ngisho nokungqubuzana. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abadlali bavame ukushwiba eqhweni ngesivinini esiphezulu futhi bangashayisana.

• I-ice hockey stick: Induku esetshenziswa ku-ice hockey nayo ingaba yingozi. Abadlali bangashayana ngenduku ngephutha, okungadala ukulimala kabi.

• I-Puck: I-puck edlalwa ngayo inzima futhi ingafinyelela isivinini esikhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi umdlali ushaywe ngephutha nge-puck, okungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu.

• I-Ice Blocks: Iqhwa okudlalwa kulo umdlalo nalo lingaba yingozi. Abadlali bangashibilika bese bethola ukulimala kanzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-ice floes nawo angakhululeka ngesikhathi sokudlala, okungabangela izimo eziyingozi.

• Unompempe: Unompempe angaba sengozini ngesikhathi edlala i-ice hockey. Abadlali bangashayisana nonompempe ngephutha, okungadala ukulimala okubi.

Nakuba i-ice hockey ngokuqinisekile ingenabo ubungozi, akuwona umdlalo oweqisayo njengokuqwala izintaba, ukweqa i-bungee noma i-base jumping. Kule midlalo usengozini yokulimala kabi noma ukufa. Ngenhlanhla, akunjalo nge-ice hockey, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo futhi uzivikele ngenkathi udlala lo mdlalo.

Ikusasa le-ice hockey

Ihokhi yeqhwa wumdlalo osekungamakhulu eminyaka udlalwa futhi usadumile emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa liyini ikusasa lalo mdlalo? Ake sibheke intuthuko okungenzeka.

Ukungenisa okumbalwa kanye nomgomo wangaphandle?

Abanye ababukeli be-Dutch hockey yeqhwa bakhuthaza ukuncipha okukhulu kwenani lezinto ezithengwayo kanye nokuvinjelwa konozinti bangaphandle. Lokhu kungenza lo mdlalo ufinyeleleke kalula kubadlali baseDutch futhi ukhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwethalente. Ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zizosetshenziswa ngempela yini kusazobonakala.

Ukunaka okwengeziwe ukuphepha

Ukuphepha bekulokhu kugxilwe kakhulu kwi-ice hockey, kodwa cishe kuzogcizelelwa nakakhulu esikhathini esizayo. Imithetho emisha ingase yethulwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala, njengokudinga ukuvikelwa kobuso nokukhawulela amasheke ekhanda.

Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe

Ubuchwepheshe nabo buzodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ku-ice hockey. Cabanga, isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kokuhlaziywa kwevidiyo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komdlali kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ukuqapha impilo yomdlali. Izinto ezintsha nazo zingathuthukiswa okokusebenza, kukwenze kuphephe nakakhulu futhi kukhululeke kakhudlwana.

Izinguquko emiqhudelwaneni

Amaligi ahlukene ku-ice hockey nawo kungenzeka abone izinguquko. Ukwenza isibonelo, kungabhekwa kakhulu ibhola labesifazane futhi amaligi amasha angasungulwa emazweni asafufusa e-ice hockey. Ukunakwa okwengeziwe kungaphinde kukhokhwe ekusimameni nasekunciphiseni umkhondo wemvelo wezemidlalo.

Ikusasa le-ice hockey libukeka lithembisa, elinamathuba amaningi okukhula nokuthuthuka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumlandeli wezemidlalo noma udlala ngokwakho, kuhlale kunokuthile okusha ongakuthola futhi ukuzwile. Ake sibheke phambili kulokho ikusasa elisilethela khona ndawonye!

Isiphetho

Iyini i-Ice Hockey? Ihokhi yeqhwa iwuhlobo lwehokhi edlalwa eqhweni. Umdlalo uwela ngaphansi "komdlalo webhola" kodwa i-puck edlalwa ngayo akuyona ibhola eliyindilinga, kodwa i-disc flat yerabha, enobubanzi obungama-intshi angu-3 nobukhulu obuyi-intshi engu-1. Abadlali basebenzisa induku enendawo enkulu eyisicaba.

Okuthakazelisayo ukwazi ukuthi lo mdlalo wawusuvele udlalwa eqhweni ngabashicileli ngekhulu le-16, njengoba kungabonakala emdwebeni we-Winter landscape onama-skaters kaPieter Bruegel Omdala.

UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli wonompempe.eu ungumakethi wokuqukethwe, ubaba futhi uthanda ukubhala ngazo zonke izinhlobo zemidlalo, futhi ubuye wadlala nemidlalo eminingi impilo yakhe yonke. Manje kusukela ngo-2016, yena neqembu lakhe bebelokhu bedala izindatshana zebhulogi eziwusizo ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngemisebenzi yabo yezemidlalo.