Kuyintokozo enkulu ukuthi ngikubhalele laba bafundi lezi zihloko, wena. Angiyamukeli inkokhelo yokubhala izibuyekezo, umbono wami ngemikhiqizo ungowami, kepha uma uthola izincomo zami zilusizo futhi ugcina uthenga okuthile ngesixhumanisi esisodwa engingathola ikhomishini kulokho. Ulwazi oluningi
Indawo yokugcina imayelana nani Ibhola laseMelika, kodwa uyazi futhi ukuthi isebenza kanjani, nokuthi yonke imigqa ingeyani?
Indawo yokugcina ku-American Football iyindawo echaziwe nhlangothi zombili zenkundla lapho udlala khona yangaphambilini kufanele ungene ukuze uthole amaphuzu. Kusezindaweni zokugcina kuphela lapho ungakwazi ukuthola amaphuzu ngokuphatha ibhola ngaphakathi noma ngokufaka amapali.
Ngingathanda ukukutshela KONKE ngakho ake siqale ngokuthi isebenza kanjani. Bese ngingena kuyo yonke imininingwane.
Lokho esixoxa ngakho kulokhu okuthunyelwe okuphelele:
- 1 Ukuphela Kwezinkundla Zebhola Lezinyawo
- 2 Yasungulwa kanjani indawo yokugcina
- 3 Amaphuzu: Indlela Yokuthola I-Touchdown
- 4 Ubukhulu be-American Football End Zone
- 5 Yini Esekugcineni Kwendawo?
- 6 I-Goalpost
- 7 Imihlobiso enkundleni yebhola yaseMelika
- 8 Ingxabano Yendawo Yokugcina: Indaba YeDrama
- 9 Ibhola: Iyini I-End Zone?
- 10 I-Veelgestelde vragen
- 11 Isiphetho
Ukuphela Kwezinkundla Zebhola Lezinyawo
Inkundla yebhola inezindawo ezimbili zokugcina, eyodwa ohlangothini ngalunye. Uma amaqembu eshintsha izinhlangothi, aphinde ashintshe ukuthi iyiphi indawo yokugcina ayivikelayo. Wonke amaphuzu atholwe ku-Footballs enziwa ezindaweni zokugcina, noma ngokulithwala phezu komugqa wamagoli ngenkathi unebhola, noma ngokukhahlela ibhola emapalini endaweni yokugcina.
Ukushaya i-End Zone
Uma ufuna ukuthola amaphuzu ku-Football, kufanele uthwale ibhola phezu komugqa wegoli ngenkathi unebhola. Noma ungakhahlela ibhola emapalini ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina. Uma wenza kanjalo, uthole amaphuzu!
I-Defense of the End Zone
Uma uvikela indawo yokugcina, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi iqembu eliphikisayo alithwali ibhola phezu komugqa wamapali noma lilikhahlele emapalini. Kufanele umise izimbangi futhi uqiniseke ukuthi abawatholi amaphuzu.
I-End Zone Switch
Uma amaqembu eshintsha izinhlangothi, aphinde ashintshe ukuthi iyiphi indawo yokugcina ayivikelayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele uvikele olunye uhlangothi lwenkundla. Lokhu kungaba inselele enkulu, kodwa uma ukwenza kahle, ungasiza iqembu lakho ukuthi liwine!
Yasungulwa kanjani indawo yokugcina
Sethula iphasi eliya phambili
Ngaphambi kokuthi kuvunyelwe ukudlula phambili ebholeni le-gridiron, igoli nokuphela kwenkundla bekufana. Abadlali bathole elilodwa thinta phansi ngokushiya inkambu ngalo mugqa. Amapali abekwe emugqeni wamapali, futhi noma yikuphi ukukhahlela okungazange kushaye igoli lenkundla kodwa kwashiya inkundla ekugcineni kwaqoshwa njengokuthinta emuva (noma, emdlalweni waseCanada, ama-single; kwakungenkathi yezoni yangaphambi kokuphela lapho U-Hugh Gall usethe irekhodi lama-single amaningi emdlalweni, enayisishiyagalombili).
Sethula indawo yokugcina
Ngo-1912, indawo yokugcina yethulwa ebholeni laseMelika. Ngesikhathi lapho ibhola elikhokhelwayo lisaqala futhi ibhola lasekolishi lalibusa umdlalo, ukwandiswa kwenkundla kwaba nomkhawulo ngenxa yokuthi amaqembu amaningi asekolishi asevele adlala ezinkundleni ezithuthuke kahle ezigcwele ama-bleachers nezinye izinhlaka ekugcineni kwenkundla. amasimu, okwenza noma yikuphi ukwandiswa okubalulekile kwenkundla kungenzeki ezikoleni eziningi.
Kwagcina kufinyelelwe esivumelwaneni: amayadi angu-12 wendawo yokugcina engeziwe ekugcineni kwenkundla, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, inkundla yokudlala yafushaniswa ukusuka kumayadi angu-110 kuya ku-100, okushiya usayizi obonakalayo wenkundla nje ube mude kancane kunangaphambili. Amapali ekuqaleni abegcinwa emugqeni wamagoli, kodwa ngemuva kokuthi eqale ukugxambukela ekudlaleni, abuyela ekugcineni ngo-1927, lapho ahlala khona ebholeni lasekolishi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. INational Football League yabuyisela amapali emgqeni wamagoli ngo-1933, yabe isibuyela emgqeni wokugcina ngo-1974.
Indawo yokugcina yaseCanada
Njengezinye izici eziningi zebhola le-gridiron, ibhola laseCanada lamukela indawo yokudlula eya phambili nendawo yokugcina ngemuva kwesikhathi kakhulu kunebhola laseMelika. I-pass pass kanye ne-end zone yethulwa ngo-1929. ECanada, ibhola lezinyawo lasekolishi alizange lifinyelele izinga lokuvelela eliqhathaniswa nelebhola lezinyawo lasekolishi laseMelika, futhi ibhola elikhokhelwayo lalisakhula ngeminyaka yawo-1920. Ngenxa yalokho, ibhola laseCanada lalisadlalwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1920 ezikhungweni ezingajwayelekile.
Okunye okwacatshangelwa ukuthi iCanadian Rugby Union (indikimba ebusayo yeCanadian Football ngaleso sikhathi, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi iFootball Canada) yayifuna ukunciphisa ukugqama kwephuzu elilodwa (ngaleso sikhathi eyayibizwa ngokuthi ama-rouges) emdlalweni. Ngakho-ke, i-CRU imane yengeze izindawo zokugcina zamayadi angu-25 ekupheleni kwenkundla ekhona yamayadi angu-110, idale inkundla yokudlala enkulu kakhulu. Njengoba ukuhambisa amapali amayadi angu-25 kuzokwenza ukushaya amagoli asenkundleni kube nzima kakhulu, futhi njengoba i-CRU ingafuni ukwehlisa ukugqama kwamagoli asenkundleni, amapali ashiywe emgqeni wamapali lapho esekhona namuhla.
Kodwa-ke, imithetho elawula ukushaya kwabadlali abangabodwana yashintshwa: amaqembu bekufanele akhahlele ibhola liphume emikhawulweni adlulele endaweni yokugcina noma aphoqelele iqembu eliphikisayo ukuthi lishaye phansi ibhola elikhahlelwe endaweni yalo ukuze lithole iphuzu. Ngo-1986, njengoba izinkundla ze-CFL zikhula zaba zinkulu futhi zithuthuka ngendlela efanayo kozakwabo baseMelika ngomzamo wokuqhubeka nokuncintisana ngokwezimali, i-CFL yanciphisa ukujula kwendawo yokugcina yaba amayadi angu-20.
Amaphuzu: Indlela Yokuthola I-Touchdown
Ukuthola i-Touchdown
Ukuthola i-touchdown kuyinqubo elula, kodwa kuthatha inhlawulo kancane. Ukuze uthole i-touchdown, kufanele uphathe noma ubambe ibhola ngenkathi ungaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina. Uma uphethe ibhola, kuyiphuzu uma ingxenye yebhola ingaphezulu noma ngale kwanoma iyiphi ingxenye yomugqa wamagoli phakathi kwamakhoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi futhi ukuthola ukuguqulwa kwamaphuzu amabili ngemva kokuthinta phansi usebenzisa indlela efanayo.
Ultris Frisbee
Ku-Ultimate Frisbee, ukushaya igoli kulula ngendlela efanayo. Kufanele nje uqedele ukudlula endaweni yokugcina.
Izinguquko emithethweni
Ngo-2007, iNational Football League yashintsha imithetho yayo ukuze kwanele ukuthi ophethe ibhola athinte ikhoni ukuze ashaye i-touchdown. Ibhola kufanele ngempela lingene ekugcineni.
Ubukhulu be-American Football End Zone
Uma ucabanga ukuthi i-American Football imayelana nokuphonsa ibhola, unephutha! Kuningi okwedlula lokho kwezemidlalo. Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zebhola laseMelika indawo yokugcina. Indawo yokugcina yindawo ephawulwe ngamakhoni kuzo zombili iziphetho zenkundla. Kodwa buyini ngempela ubukhulu bendawo yokugcina?
I-American Football End Zone
Ebholeni laseMelika, indawo yokugcina ingamayadi ayi-10 ubude namayadi angama-53 ⅓ ububanzi (amafidi angama-160). Kunamapyloni amane ekhoneni ngalinye.
I-Canadian Football End Zone
Ebholeni laseCanada, indawo yokugcina ingamayadi angama-20 ubude namayadi angama-65 ububanzi. Ngaphambi kweminyaka yawo-1980, indawo yokugcina yayingamayadi angama-25 ubude. Inkundla yokuqala ukusebenzisa indawo yokugcina engamayadi angu-20 kwakuyi-BC Place eVancouver, eyaqedwa ngo-1983. I-BMO Field, inkundla yasekhaya ye-Toronto Argonauts, inendawo yokugcina engamayadi ayi-18. Njengozakwabo baseMelika, izindawo zokugcina zaseCanada zimakwe ngezigaxa ezine.
I-Ultimate Frisbee End Zone
I-Ultimate Frisbee isebenzisa indawo yokugcina engamayadi angu-40 ububanzi namayadi angu-20 ukushona (37 m × 18 m).
Ngakho-ke uma uthola ithuba lokuhambela umdlalo webhola lezinyawo laseMelika, manje wazi kahle ukuthi inkulu kangakanani indawo yokugcina!
Yini Esekugcineni Kwendawo?
I-Endline
Umugqa wokugcina umugqa osekugcineni kwendawo yokugcina ophawula unqenqema lwenkundla. Umugqa okufanele uphonse ibhola phezu kwawo ukuze ulithinte.
Umugqa wamagoli
Umugqa wegoli ulayini ohlukanisa inkundla nendawo yokugcina. Uma ibhola leqa lo mugqa, liwukuthinta phansi.
Abaseceleni
Imigqa eseceleni isuka enkambu iye endaweni yokugcina, futhi iphinde imake ukuphuma kwemingcele. Ukuphonsa ibhola phezu kwale migqa kuwukuphuma kwemingcele.
Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukushaya i-touchdown, kufanele uphonse ibhola phezu komugqa wokugcina, umugqa wamagoli kanye nemigqa engaseceleni. Uma uphonsa ibhola phezu komunye wale migqa, lingaphandle kwemingcele. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukushaya i-touchdown, kufanele uphonse ibhola phezu komugqa wokugcina, umugqa wamagoli kanye nemigqa engaseceleni. Ngikufisela inhlanhla!
I-Goalpost
Likuphi ipali?
Indawo nobukhulu bepali kuyahlukahluka ngokweligi, kodwa ngokuvamile kungaphakathi kwemingcele yendawo yokugcina. Emidlalweni yebhola lezinyawo eyedlule (kokubili ileveli yobungcweti nekolishi), ipali laliqala emugqeni wegoli futhi ngokuvamile laliyibha emise okuka-H. Namuhla, ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha kwabadlali, cishe wonke amapali emazingeni akhokhelwayo nawekolishi ebhola laseMelika anomumo ongu-T futhi angaphandle nje ngemuva kwazo zombili izindawo zokugcina; okokuqala ukubonakala ngo-1966, la mapali asungulwa nguJim Trimble noJoel Rottman eMontreal, Quebec, Canada.
Amagoli eCanada
Amapali e-Canada asesemgqeni wamagoli kunokuba abe ngemuva kwezindawo zokugcina, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi inani lemizamo yenkundla lingancipha kakhulu uma amaposi abuyiselwa emuva ngamayadi angama-20 kulowo mdlalo, futhi ngenxa yokuthi indawo yokugcina enkulu futhi ebanzi. Inkundla yenza ukuphazamiseka okuwumphumela wokudlala kwepali kube yinkinga encane kakhulu.
Amapali ezingeni lesikole samabanga aphezulu
Akuyona into engavamile ezingeni lesikole samabanga aphezulu ukubona amapali ezinhloso eziningi anamapali ebhola phezulu kanye nenethi Yebhola ngaphansi; lezi zivame ukubonakala ezikoleni ezincane nasezinkundleni zezemidlalo ezinezinhloso eziningi lapho izinsiza zisetshenziselwa imidlalo eminingi. Uma lawa noma amapali amise okwe-H esetshenziswa Ebholeni, izingxenye ezingezansi zezigxobo zimbozwa ngerabha ewugqinsi engamasentimitha ambalwa ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha kwabadlali.
Imihlobiso enkundleni yebhola yaseMelika
Ama-logo namagama weqembu
Amaqembu amaningi ochwepheshe nawenyuvesi anelogo yawo, igama leqembu, noma kokubili kupendwe ngemuva kwendawo yokugcina, enemibala yeqembu egcwalisa ingemuva. Imiqhudelwano eminingi yasekolishi neleveli yobungcweti kanye nemidlalo ye-bowling ikhunjulwa ngamagama amaqembu aphikisanayo ngalinye elipendwe kwelinye lama-endzones aphikisanayo. Kwamanye amaligi, kanye nemidlalo yesitsha, abaxhasi begeyimu bendawo, besifunda, noma besitsha bangase babeke amalogo abo endaweni yokugcina. Ku-CFL, ama-endzones apendwe ngokugcwele awekho, nakuba amanye enamalogo eqembu noma abaxhasi. Ukwengeza, njengengxenye yebhola elibukhoma lenkundla, i-endzone yaseCanada ivamise ukuba nemigqa yeyadi (imvamisa imakwa njalo ngamayadi amahlanu), njengenkundla ngokwayo.
Ayikho imihlobiso
Ezindaweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi izikole zamabanga aphezulu ezincane namakolishi, ama-endzone awahlotshisiwe, noma anemigqa emhlophe elula eqhelelene ngamayadi ambalwa, esikhundleni semibala nemihlobiso. Ukusetshenziswa okuphawulekayo kwezinga eliphezulu kwalo mklamo kukanye ne-Notre Dame Fighting Irish, eyapenda womabili ama-endzone e-Notre Dame Stadium ngemigqa emhlophe ediagonal. Ebholeni elikhokhelwayo, i-NFL's Pittsburgh Steelers kusukela ngo-2004 yapenda i-endzone eseningizimu e-Heinz Field ngemigqa ediagonal ngezikhathi zayo eziningi ezijwayelekile. Lokhu kwenziwa ngoba i-Heinz Field, enenkundla yokudlala utshani bemvelo, iphinde ibe yikhaya lebhola lezinyawo lasekolishi i-Pittsburgh Panthers, futhi izimpawu zenza kube lula ukuguqulwa kwenkundla phakathi kwezimpawu zamaqembu womabili namalogo. Ngemuva kwesizini ye-Panthers, i-logo ye-Steelers ipendwe endaweni eseningizimu.
Amaphethini ayingqayizivele
Esinye sezici ezinhle kakhulu ze-American Football League kwakuwukusebenzisa kwayo amaphethini angajwayelekile njenge-argyle ezindaweni zayo, isiko elaqalwa kabusha ngo-2009 ngabakwaDenver Broncos, ababeyiqembu le-AFL langaphambili. I-XFL yasekuqaleni yenza izinkundla zayo zokudlala zibe ezijwayelekile ukuze wonke amaqembu ayo ayisishiyagalombili abe nezinkundla ezifanayo ezinophawu lwe-XFL endaweni ngayinye futhi kungabikho ukuhlonza iqembu.
Ingxabano Yendawo Yokugcina: Indaba YeDrama
Kungase kubonakale kulula, kodwa kube nezingxabano eziningi ezizungeze indawo yokugcina. Ingxabano yakamuva ku-NFL yenzeke ngesikhathi somdlalo we-Seattle Seahawks - Detroit Lions ngesizini evamile ka-2015. Amabhubesi abesephuzile, abuye ngekota yesine ngokumelene namaSeahawks, eshayela endaweni yokugcina yaseSeattle.
USeattle uzihola phambili ngamaphuzu amathathu, kwathi amaLions ashayela phezulu. Okwebhubesi umamukeli obanzi U-Calvin Johnson ube nebhola ngesikhathi ephonseka ngasemgqeni wegoli kwathi u-Kam Chancellor wokuphepha we-Seattle waxhawula ibhola laphuma kancane kancane endaweni yokugcina.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ukube Amabhubesi aphinde aqala kabusha ibhola, bekuyoba ukuthinta, aqedele ukubuya obekungalindelekile. Nokho, umdlali wasemuva we-Seattle u-KJ Wright wenze umzamo wamabomu ukushaya ibhola ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina, ukuvimbela ukuthintwa kwe-Detroit okungenzeka kube khona.
Ukushaya ngamabomu ibhola ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina kungukuphulwa kwemithetho, kodwa onompempe, ikakhulukazi ijaji elingemuva u-Greg Wilson, likholelwa ukuthi isenzo sika-Wright besingahlosile.
Awekho ama-penalty abiziwe futhi kwabizwa i-touchback, enikeza ama-Seahawks ibhola emgqeni wabo wamayadi angu-20. Ukusuka lapho, babekwazi ukudlula iwashi kalula futhi bagweme ukumangala.
Idlala kabusha Bonisa Isenzo Senhloso
Kodwa-ke, ama-replays abonise ukuthi u-Wright walishaya ngamabomu ibhola ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina. Ucingo olufanele bekuwukunikeza amaBhubesi ibhola lapho aphuthaphutha khona. Bebezodlala phansi kuqala, ngoba iqembu elihlaselayo lithola indawo yokuqala ukube iqembu elivikelayo linecala, futhi maningi amathuba okuthi belishaye igoli likuleyo ndawo.
U-KJ Wright Uqinisekisa Isenzo Senhloso
I-coup de gras ukuthi u-Wright uvumile ukushaya ibhola ngamabomu ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina ngemuva komdlalo.
"Bengifuna ukushaya ibhola ngiphume endaweni yokugcina ngingazami ukulibamba ngiliphuthaze," kusho uWright etshela abezindaba ngemuva komdlalo. "Bengizama ukwenza umnyakazo omuhle eqenjini lami."
Ibhola: Iyini I-End Zone?
Uma ungakaze uzwe nge-End Zone, ungakhathazeki! Sizokuchazela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nale ndawo engaqondakali enkundleni yebhola.
Ingakanani Indawo Yokuphela?
I-End Zone ihlezi ingamayadi angu-10 ukushona namayadi angu-53,5 ububanzi. Ububanzi benkundla yebhola lezinyawo buhlala bungamayadi angama-53,5 ububanzi. Indawo yokudlala, indawo lapho iningi lesenzo senzeka khona, ingamamitha ayi-100 ubude. Kune-End Zone ohlangothini ngalunye lwendawo yokudlala, ngakho yonke inkundla yebhola lezinyawo ingamayadi angu-120 ubude.
Akuphi amapali?
Amapali angemuva kwe-End Zone emigqeni yokugcina. Ngaphambi kuka-1974, amapali ayesemgqeni wamagoli. Kodwa ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha nokungenzeleli, amapali asusiwe. Isizathu sokuqala sokuthi amapali abe semgqeni wamapali yingoba abakhahleli bebethwala kanzima ukushaya amagoli bese kuthi imidlalo eminingi iphele zibambene.
Uthola kanjani i-touchdown?
Ukuze uthole i-touchdown, iqembu kufanele lithole ibhola phezu kweplanethi yomugqa wamagoli. Ngakho-ke uma uthola ibhola ku-End Zone, uthole ukuthinta phansi! Kodwa qaphela, ngoba uma ulahlekelwa yibhola ku-End Zone, i-touchback futhi ophikisana naye uthola ibhola.
I-Veelgestelde vragen
Ingabe Izihlalo Zendawo Yokugcina Zilungele Umdlalo Webhola LaseMelika?
Izihlalo zendawo yokugcina ziyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzwa umdlalo webhola lezinyawo laseMelika. Unombono ohlukile wegeyimu nezehlakalo ezizungezile. Ubona amabhere aqinile elwa wodwa, i-quarterback iphonsa ibhola futhi abadlali basemuva kufanele bavike ama-tackles eqembu eliphikisayo. Umbukwane ongeke uwuthole kwenye indawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukubala amaphuzu usuka esihlalweni sakho sendawo yokugcina, ngoba ungabona uma ukuthinta phansi kushaywa noma kudutshulwa igoli lenkundla. Ngamafuphi, izihlalo zezoni yokugcina ziyindlela yokugcina yokuthola umdlalo webhola laseMelika.
Isiphetho
Yebo, izindawo zokugcina aziyona nje ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomdlalo webhola lezinyawo laseMelika, futhi zihlotshiswe kahle ngezimpawu zamakilabhu nokunye.
PLUS kulapho wenza khona umdanso wakho wokunqoba!
