Kuluvuyo olukhulu ukubhala la manqaku abafundi bam, wena. Andiyamkeli intlawulo yokuphononongwa kokubhala, uluvo lwam kwiimveliso zezam, kodwa ukuba ufumanisa ukuba izindululo zam ziluncedo kwaye ugqibela ngokuthenga into ngenye yekhonkco endinokufumana ikhomishini kuyo. Olunye ulwazi
In umdlalo webhola wasemelika kukho abadlali abali-11 kwiqela ngalinye 'kwigridiron' (ibala lokudlala) ngaxeshanye. Umdlalo uvumela inani elingenamkhawulo lokutshintsha, kwaye kukho iindima ezininzi ebaleni. Isikhundla sabadlali sixhomekeke ekubeni iqela lidlala ekuhlaseleni okanye ekukhuseleni.
Iqela lebhola ekhatywayo laseMelika lahlulwe laba lityala, ukhuselo kunye namaqela akhethekileyo. Ngaphakathi kula maqela kukho izithuba zabadlali ezahlukeneyo ekufuneka zizaliswe, ezifana kwikota yekota, unogada, ukuwisa kunye umgca wendlela.
Kweli nqaku unokufunda yonke into malunga nezikhundla ezahlukeneyo ekuhlaselweni, ukukhusela kunye namaqela akhethekileyo.
Iqela elihlaselayo liyiphethe ibhola kwaye iqela lokhuselo lizama ukunqanda umhlaseli angakori.
Ibhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika ngumdlalo onobuchule kunye nobukrelekrele, kwaye ukuqonda iindima ezahlukeneyo ebaleni kubalulekile ukuqonda umdlalo.
Zeziphi izikhundla ezahlukeneyo, babekwe phi abadlali kwaye ithini imisebenzi noxanduva lwabo?
Ngaba unomdla malunga nokuba abadlali be-AF banxiba ntoni? Apha ndichaza i-American Football gear epheleleyo kunye nempahla
Oko sixoxa ngako kule post ibanzi:
Luyintoni ulwaphulo-mthetho?
'Ityala' liqela elihlaselayo. Iyunithi ehlaselayo ibandakanya i-quarterback, ehlaselayo abalayini, umva, iziphelo eziqinileyo kunye nabamkeli.
Liqela eliqala ukuphatha ibhola ukusuka kumgca wekrikrim (umgca wentelekelelo ophawula indawo yebhola ekuqaleni kokuhla ngakunye).
Injongo yeqela elihlaselayo kukufumana amanqaku amaninzi kangangoko.
Iqela lokuqala
Umdlalo udla ngokuqala xa umdlali wekota efumana ibhola ngokukhawuleza (egqithisa ibhola ngasemva ekuqaleni komdlalo) ukusuka embindini emva koko ayigqithisele ibhola.ukubuyela umva', ugibisela 'umamkeli', okanye ubaleka nebhola ngokwakho.
Eyona njongo iphambili kukufumana amanqaku amaninzi 'e-'touchdowns' (TDs) kangangoko, kuba ngawona afumana amanqaku amaninzi.
Enye indlela yeqela elihlaselayo lokufumana amanqaku kukukora ebaleni.
'Iyunithi ekhubekisayo'
Umgca wokuhlasela ubandakanya iziko, abalindi ababini, iintambo ezimbini kunye neziphelo eziqinileyo enye okanye ezimbini.
Umsebenzi wabaninzi be-linemen abahlaselayo kukuthintela kunye nokuthintela iqela elichasayo / ukukhusela ekuhlaseleni i-quarterback (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "sack") okanye ukwenza ukuba angakwazi ukuphosa ibhola.
“Abasemva” “ngabasemva ababalekayo” (okanye “abasemva komsila”) abadla ngokuyiphatha ibhola, kunye “nomqolo ogcweleyo” odla ngokuvala umva kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ayiphathe ngokwakhe ibhola okanye afumane ukupasa.
Umsebenzi ophambili weabamkeli ababanzi' kuganga amapasi aze ayizise ibhola kangangoko anako ukuya ngakuyo, okanye ngokukhethwayo nakumgama 'ekugqibeleni'.
Abamkeli abafanelekileyo
Kubadlali abasixhenxe (okanye ngaphezulu) abadweliswe emgceni wescrimmage, ngabo badweliswe ekupheleni komgca kuphela abanokuthi babaleke baye ebaleni kwaye bafumane ukupasa (aba ngabamkeli 'bafanelekileyo') ..
Ukuba iqela linabadlali abangaphantsi kwesixhenxe kumgca wecrimmage, liya kukhokelela kwisohlwayo (ngenxa 'yolwakhiwo olungekho mthethweni').
Ukuqulunqwa kohlaselo kunye nendlela olusebenza ngayo ngokuchanekileyo kugqitywa yifilosofi ekhubekisayo yomqeqeshi oyintloko okanye 'umququzeleli ohlaselayo'.
Izikhundla ezikhubekisayo zichaziwe
Kwicandelo elilandelayo, ndiza kuxoxa ngezikhundla ezikhubekisayo nganye nganye.
Ikota
Nokuba uyavuma okanye awuvumi, i-quarterback ngoyena mdlali ubalulekileyo kwibala lebhola.
Uyinkokeli yeqela, uthatha isigqibo ngemidlalo kwaye usete umdlalo.
Umsebenzi wakhe kukukhokela uhlaselo, ukudlulisela isicwangciso kwabanye abadlali kunye ukujula ibhola, nika omnye umdlali, okanye ubaleke nebhola ngokwakho.
Umdlali wekota umva kufuneka akwazi ukujula ibhola ngamandla nangokuchaneka. Kufuneka azi kakuhle ukuba umdlali ngamnye uya kuba phi ngexesha lomdlalo.
Umdlali we-quarterback uzibeka emva kombindi kulwakhiwo 'phantsi kombindi', apho ame ngokuthe ngqo emva kombindi aze athathe ibhola, okanye qelele kancinane 'kumpu' okanye 'ukwakhiwa kwepistol', apho uphakathi ubetha ibhola. 'uya' kuye.
Umzekelo wekota edumileyo, kunjalo, nguTom Brady, okhe weva ngaye.
Center
Uziko nalo unendima ebalulekileyo, njengoko kufuneka kuqala kwaye aqinisekise ukuba ibhola iphelela ngokufanelekileyo ezandleni zomdlali wekota.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, iziko liyinxalenye yomgca wokuhlaselwa kwaye umsebenzi walo kukuthintela abachasi.
Ikwangumdlali oza nebhola ekudlaleni 'ngokuqhwanyaza' kumdlali wekota emva.
Iziko, kunye nalo lonke umgca ohlaselayo, lifuna ukunqanda umdlali ochasayo ukuba asondele kwikota yakhe ukuze alwe okanye athintele ukudlula.
unogada
Kukho oonogada ababini (abahlaselayo) kwiqela elihlaselayo. Abalindi bathe ngqo kumacala omabini eziko kunye neentambo ezimbini kwelinye icala.
Njengeziko eliphakathi, oonogada bangabakwa 'linemen' kwaye umsebenzi wabo kukubhloka kunye nokudala imingxunya (imingxuma) kumqolo wabo obalekayo.
Abalindi ngokuzenzekelayo bathathwa ngokuba ngabamkeli 'abangafanelekanga' nto leyo ethetha ukuba akufuneki bagange ngabom ipasi eliya phambili ngaphandle kokuba kukulungisa 'ibhola ephuncukileyo' okanye ibhola ihlatywe kuqala ngumkhuseli okanye umamkeli 'ogunyazisiweyo' .
Ukuphosa ibhola kwenzeka xa umdlali ophethe ibhola ephulukene nebhola phambi kokuba iwiswe, akhuphe ibhola ngaphandle kwebala, okanye aphumele ngaphandle kwemigca yebala.
Ukuwisa okuhlaselayo
Uwiso oluhlaselayo ludlala macala omabini oonogada.
Kwi-quarterback yesandla sokunene, i-left tackle inoxanduva lokukhusela i-blindside, kwaye idla ngokukhawuleza kunezinye i-linemen ezihlaselayo zokumisa iziphelo zokukhusela.
Ukuwisa okukhubekisayo kwakhona kokweyunithi 'yabasebenzi abahlaselayo' kwaye umsebenzi wabo ke ngoko kukubhloka.
Indawo ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye ibizwa ngokuba yindawo 'yomdlalo osondeleyo' apho ezinye iibhloko ngasemva, ezithintelweyo kwenye indawo ebaleni, zivumelekile.
Xa kukho umgca ongalungelelananga (apho kungekho manani afanayo abadlali abadweliswe macala omabini eziko), oonogada okanye abawiswayo basenokudweliswa ecaleni komnye.
Njengoko kuchaziwe kwicandelo labagadi, i-linemen ehlaselayo ayivumelekanga ukuba ibambe okanye ibaleke ngebhola kwiimeko ezininzi.
Kuphela xa kukho ibhola okanye ibhola ihlatywe kuqala ngumntu owamkela ibhola okanye umdlali okhuselayo unokuthi umdlali ohlaselayo angayiganga ibhola.
Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-linemen ekhubekisayo inokubamba ngokusemthethweni ukupasa ngokuthe ngqo; bangakwenza oku ngokubhalisa njengomamkeli ogunyazisiweyo nge usompempe weBhola ekhatywayo (okanye usompempe) ngaphambi komdlalo.
Nakuphi na okunye ukuyibamba okanye ukuyiganga ibhola ngumdlali ohlaselayo uya kohlwaywa.
Ukuphela
De ekupheleni ngumxube ophakathi komamkeli kunye nomneni okhubekisayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo lo mdlali umi ecaleni kwe-LT (i-left tackle) okanye i-RT (i-right tackle) okanye "ungathatha isiqabu" kumgca we-scrimmage njengomamkeli obanzi.
Imisebenzi ebambeneyo ibandakanya ukuvala ikota kunye nokubaleka ngasemva, kodwa unokubaleka abambe iipasi.
Iziphelo eziqinileyo zinokubamba njengomamkeli, kodwa zibe namandla kunye nokuma kokulawula emgceni.
Iziphelo eziqinileyo zincinci kune-linemen ekhubekisayo kodwa zide kunabanye abadlali bebhola bebhola.
Umamkeli obanzi
Abamkeli ababanzi (WR) baziwa kakhulu njengababambi bepasi, okanye ababambe ibhola. Bafola kude ngaphandle kwebala, nokuba ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene.
Umsebenzi wabo kukubaleka 'iindlela' ukuze bakhululeke, bafumane ipasi kwi-QB kwaye babaleke baye phezulu ebaleni nebhola kangangoko.
Kwimeko yomdlalo obalekayo (apho umdlali obalekayo ubaleka nebhola), idla ngokuba ngumsebenzi wabamkeli ukubhloka.
Iseti yesakhono sabamkeli ababanzi ngokubanzi ibandakanya isantya kunye nolungelelwaniso oluqinileyo lwesandla-samehlo.
De iiglavu zomamkeli obanzi wasekunene nceda ezi ntlobo zabadlali zibambe ngokwaneleyo ibhola kwaye zibalulekile xa kuziwa ekwenzeni imidlalo emikhulu.
Amaqela asebenzisa abamkeli ababini ukuya kwabane ababanzi kumdlalo ngamnye. Kunye neekona ezikhuselayo, abamkeli ababanzi bahlala ngabona bakhawulezayo ebaleni.
Kufuneka babe bukhali kwaye bakhawuleze ngokwaneleyo ukuvuthulula abadlali basemva bezama ukubagquma kwaye bakwazi ukuganga ibhola ngokuthembekileyo.
Abanye abamkeli ababanzi banokusebenza 'njengenqaku' okanye 'umbuyisi wokukhaba' (unokufunda ngakumbi ngezi zithuba zingezantsi).
Kukho iindidi ezimbini zabamkeli ababanzi (WR): i-wideout kunye ne-slot receiver. Eyona njongo iphambili yabo bobabini abafumanayo kukubamba iibhola (kunye ne-couchdowns).
Ziyakwazi ukuhluka ngobukhulu, kodwa ngokubanzi zikhawuleza zonke.
I-slot receiver idla ngokuba yincinci, i-WR ekhawulezayo enokuthi ibambe kakuhle. Zibekwe phakathi kwe-wideouts kunye nomgca ohlaselayo okanye isiphelo esiqinileyo.
Ukubuyela umva
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi 'halfback'. Lo mdlali angayenza yonke into. Uzibeka emva okanye ecaleni kwekota.
Uyabaleka, agange, avale kwaye uyakugibisela nebhola rhoqo. Ukubaleka umva (RB) kudla ngokuba ngumdlali okhawulezayo kwaye akoyiki ukudibana nomzimba.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, umva obalekayo ufumana ibhola kwi-QB, kwaye ngumsebenzi wakhe ukubaleka kangangoko ebaleni.
Unako nokubamba ibhola njenge-WR, kodwa leyo yinto yakhe yesibini ephambili.
Ukubaleka ngasemva kuza kuzo zonke 'iimilo kunye nobukhulu'. Kukho umqolo omkhulu, owomeleleyo, okanye omncinci, okhawulezayo.
Kunokubakho i-zero ukuya kwii-RB ezintathu ebaleni kuwo nawuphi na umdlalo onikiweyo, kodwa ngokwesiqhelo iba mnye okanye emibini.
Ngokubanzi, zimbini iindidi zokubaleka umva; isiqingatha emva, kunye nomqolo ogcweleyo.
isiqingatha emva
Abona basemva abangcono (HB) banendibaniselwano yamandla kunye nesantya, kwaye baxabiseke kakhulu kumaqela abo.
Isiqingatha somva lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lokubaleka umva.
Owona msebenzi wakhe uphambili kukubaleka ukuya phezulu ebaleni ngebhola kangangoko anako, kodwa kufuneka akwazi ukugangela ibhola xa kukho imfuneko.
Abanye abasemva bancinci kwaye bayakhawuleza kwaye bayabaleka abachasi babo, abanye bakhulu kwaye banamandla kwaye babaleka ngaphezulu kwabakhuseli endaweni yokubangqongileyo.
Ngenxa yokuba isiqingatha sasemva sifumana ukudibana okuninzi ngokwasemzimbeni ebaleni, umndilili womsebenzi wesiqingatha esisemva ngelishwa uhlala umfutshane kakhulu.
Umqolo ogcweleyo
Umva ogcweleyo udla ngokuba yinguqulelo enkulu kunye neyomeleleyo ye-RB, kwaye kwibhola ekhatywayo yanamhlanje idla ngokuba yi-blocker ekhokelayo.
Umva ogcweleyo ngumdlali onoxanduva lokucoca indlela yokubaleka nokukhusela umva.
Oomqolo abagcweleyo bakholisa ukuba ngabakhweli abalungileyo abanamandla akhethekileyo. Umyinge ogcweleyo umva mkhulu kwaye unamandla.
Umva wasemva ebekade engumntu ophethe ibhola, kodwa namhlanje umva wesiqingatha uye wafumana ibhola kwimitsi emininzi kwaye umva ogcweleyo uyivula indlela.
Umva ogcweleyo ukwabizwa ngokuba 'yi-blocking back'.
Ezinye iifom/imigaqo yokubuyela umva
Amanye amagama asetyenziswa ukuchaza ukubaleka ngasemva kunye nemisebenzi yabo yi-Tailback, i-H-Back kunye ne-Wingback / Slotback.
Umva Umsila (TB)
Ukubaleka umva, odla ngokuba ngumva, ozimisa ngasemva kumqolo opheleleyo 'kulwakhiwo lwe-I' (igama lendlela ethile) endaweni yokuba secaleni kwakhe.
H-Umva
Ungabhidaniswa nesiqingatha somva. A H-umva ngumdlali othi, ngokungafaniyo nesiphelo esiqinileyo, azibeke emva nje komgca wokukrala.
Isiphelo esiqinileyo sisemgceni. Ngokwesiqhelo, ngumqolo ogcweleyo okanye umva oqinileyo odlala indawo kaH-back.
Ngenxa yokuba umdlali ezimisa ngasemva komgca wokukrala, ubalwa njengomnye 'wangasemva'. Ngokubanzi, nangona kunjalo, indima yakhe iyafana naleyo yezinye iziphelo eziqinileyo.
Wingback (WB) / Slotback
I-wingback okanye i-slotback ngumntu obalekayo ozibeka emva komgca we-scrimmage ecaleni kwe-tackle okanye ekupheleni.
Amaqela anokwahluka inani labamkeli ababanzi, iziphelo eziqinileyo kunye nokubaleka ngasemva ebaleni. Nangona kunjalo, kukho imida kwiindlela ezihlaselayo.
Umzekelo, kufuneka kubekho abadlali abasixhenxe ubuncinane kumgca wokukrala, kwaye ngabadlali ababini kuphela esiphelweni ngasinye abafanelekileyo ukupasa.
Ngamanye amaxesha abadlali abakhubekisayo banokuthi 'bazazise benobuchule' kwaye ke ngoko bavunyelwe ukuba bagange ibhola kwiimeko ezinjalo.
Hayi ngokwezikhundla kuphela Ibhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika yohlukile kumbhoxo, funda ngakumbi apha
Yintoni ukhuselo?
Ukhuselo liqela elidlala kukhuselo kwaye umdlalo ngokuchasene nolwaphulo-mthetho uqala kumgca wokukrala. Eli qela ke ngoko aliyiphethe ibhola.
Injongo yeqela elikhuselayo kukuthintela elinye iqela (elihlaselayo) ekubeni lifake amanqaku.
Ukhuselo lubandakanya iziphelo ezikhuselayo, izixhobo ezikhuselayo, abasemva komgca, iikona kunye nokhuseleko.
Injongo yeqela elikhuselayo liphunyezwa xa iqela elihlaselayo lifikelele kwi-4th phantsi, kwaye alikwazanga ukufumana i-touchdown okanye amanye amanqaku.
Ngokungafaniyo neqela elihlaselayo, akukho zikhundla zokukhusela ezichazwe ngokusemthethweni. Umdlali okhuselayo unokuzimisa naphi na kwicala lakhe lomgca wesohlwayo kwaye athabathe nawaphi na amanyathelo asemthethweni.
Uluhlu oluninzi olusetyenzisiweyo lubandakanya iziphelo ezikhuselayo kunye nezixhobo ezikhuselayo kumgca kwaye emva kwalo mgca ngasemva, iikona kunye nezikhuselo ezikhuselekileyo.
Iziphelo ezikhuselayo kunye neentambo zibizwa ngokudibeneyo ngokuthi "umgca wokukhusela," ngelixa i-cornerbacks kunye neendawo ezikhuselekileyo zibizwa ngokuba yi "secondary" okanye "i-defensive backs."
Isiphelo esikhuselayo (DE)
Kanye njengokuba kukho umgca wokuhlasela, kukwakho nomgca wokhuselo.
Iziphelo zokukhusela, kunye neentambo, ziyingxenye yomgca wokukhusela. Umgca okhuselayo kunye nomgca ohlaselayo umi ekuqaleni komdlalo ngamnye.
Ababini bokukhusela baphela umdlalo ngamnye ekupheleni komnye womgca wokukhusela.
Umsebenzi wabo kukuhlasela umntu odlulayo (odla ngokuba ngumqolo wekota) okanye bayeke ukubaleka okukhubekisayo ukuya kumaphethelo angaphandle omgca weskrimge (esidla ngokubizwa ngokuba "sisithintelo").
Ukukhawuleza kwezi zimbini zihlala zibekwe kwicala lasekunene kuba lelo licala eliyimfama lekota yesandla sasekunene.
Ukuwisa ngokuzikhusela (DT)
I 'isixhobo sokuzikhusela' ngamanye amaxesha kubhekiswa kuye 'njengonogada okhuselayo'.
Izixhobo ezikhuselayo ziyi-linemen ezifakwe phakathi kweziphelo ezikhuselayo.
Umsebenzi we-DTs kukuleqa umntu odlulayo (ubaleke ujonge kwikota emva kokuzama ukummisa okanye ukumwisa) kwaye uyeke ukudlala imidlalo.
Ukuwisa okuzikhuselayo okuphambi kwebhola ngokuthe ngqo (o.k.t. phantse impumlo ukuya empumlweni embindini wolwaphulo-mthetho) kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi "ukubamba impumlo' okanye 'umlindi wempumlo'.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwempumlo kuxhaphake kakhulu kwi-3-4 yokukhusela (i-3 linemen, i-4 linebackers, i-4 yokukhusela i-backs) kunye nekota yokukhusela (i-3 linemen, i-1 linebacker, i-7 ekhuselayo).
Uninzi lwamaqela akhuselayo anento enye okanye ezimbini ezikhuselayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa hayi rhoqo, iqela liba nemitsi emithathu yokuzikhusela ebaleni.
Umva womnxeba (LB)
Uninzi lwabadlali abakhuselayo banabasemva ababini kunye nabane.
Abadlali be-linebackers badla ngokuhlulwa babe ziindidi ezintathu: i-strongside (Ekhohlo- okanye Ekunene-Ngaphandle kwe-Linebacker: LOLB okanye ROLB); phakathi (MLB); kunye nobuthathaka (LOLB okanye ROLB).
Abadlali be-linebackers badlala emva komgca wokukhusela kwaye benze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, njengokungxama umdluli, ukugubungela abamkeli, kunye nokukhusela umdlalo obalekayo.
Umdlali osemva eqinile udla ngokujongana nesiphelo esiqinileyo somhlaseli.
Udla ngokuba yi-LB enamandla kunabo bonke njengoko kufuneka akwazi ukugubha iibhloko ezikhokelayo ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukujongana nokugijima.
Umdlali ophakathi ophakathi kufuneka achonge ngokuchanekileyo umgca wecala elihlaselayo kwaye anqume ukuba luluphi uhlengahlengiso ekufuneka lwenziwe lukhuselo.
Yingakho umgca ophakathi ophakathi uyaziwa nangokuthi "i-quarterback quarterback."
Umgca wecala obuthathaka udla ngokuba ngoyena mdlali wezemidlalo okanye okhawulezayo kuba usoloko ekhusela ibala elivulekileyo.
IKona ngasemva (CB)
Iikona zithande ukuba mfutshane ngobude, kodwa zizenzele ngesantya kunye nobuchule bazo.
Iikona (ezikwabizwa ngokuba 'ziikona') ngabadlali abagquma kakhulu abamkeli ababanzi.
Abadlali beekona bazama ukunqanda ukudlula komva wekota ngokubethelela ibhola kude nomdlali owamkelayo okanye ngokuyigalela ipasi ngokwayo (i-interception).
Bajongene ngokukhethekileyo nokuphazamisa kunye nokukhusela imidlalo yokupasa (ngaloo ndlela ithintela i-quarterback ukuba iphose ibhola komnye wabamkeli bakhe) kunemidlalo yokugijima (apho u-back back ubaleka nebhola).
Isikhundla sekona sidinga isantya kunye ne-agility.
Umdlali kufuneka abe nako ukuqikelela umva wekota kwaye abe nokunyovwa kakuhle ngasemva (ukunyotywa ngasemva sisindululo sokubaleka apho umdlali abaleka umva kwaye agcine ejonge umva kunye nabamkeli aze aphendule ngokukhawuleza) kunye nokuwisa.
Ukhuseleko (FS okanye SS)
Ekugqibeleni, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokhuseleko: ukhuseleko lwasimahla (FS) kunye nokhuseleko oluluqilima (SS).
Ukhuseleko ngumgca wokugqibela wokukhusela (ukude kakhulu nomgca we-scrimmage) kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo unceda iikona ukukhusela ukudlula.
Ukhuseleko oluluqilima ludla ngokuba lukhulu kwaye lunamandla kwezi zimbini, lubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwimidlalo yokubaleka ngokuma kwindawo ethile phakathi kokhuseleko lwasimahla kunye nomgca weskrimmage.
Ukhuseleko lwasimahla luhlala luncinci kwaye lukhawuleza kwaye lunika ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo lokupasa.
Yintoni Amaqela Akhethekileyo?
Amaqela akhethekileyo ziiyunithi ezisebaleni ngexesha lokukhatyelwa kwebhola ekhatywayo, ukukhatyelwa kwepali, iipanti kunye neenzame zokukora ebaleni, kunye namanqaku ongezelelweyo.
Uninzi lwabadlali bamaqela akhethekileyo nabo banolwaphulo-mthetho kunye/okanye nendima yokuzikhusela. Kodwa kukho nabadlali abadlala kuphela kumaqela akhethekileyo.
Amaqela awodwa aquka:
- Iqela lokukhaba
- Iqela lokuqala lokubuya
- iqela lokudlala ibhola ekhatywayo
- Inqaku elinye elivimba/libuyisela iqela
- Iqela lokukora ebaleni
- Iqela elithintela amanqaku ebaleni
Amaqela akhethekileyo akhethekile kuba asebenza njengeeyunithi ezihlaselayo okanye ezikhuselayo kwaye zibonwa kuphela ngamaxesha athile ngexesha lomdlalo.
Iinkalo zamaqela akhethekileyo zingahluka kakhulu kumdlalo ohlaselayo kunye nokukhusela, kwaye ke iqela elithile labadlali liqeqeshelwa ukwenza le misebenzi.
Nangona kukho amanqaku ambalwa afunyenwe kumaqela akhethekileyo kunakwicala lolwaphulo-mthetho, umdlalo wamaqela akhethekileyo umisela apho uhlaselo ngalunye luya kuqala khona, kwaye ngaloo ndlela kunempembelelo enkulu kwindlela ekulula okanye enzima ngayo kumhlaseli ukufumana amanqaku.
Khabela ngaphandle
Ukukhaba, okanye ukukhatywa kwebhola ekhatywayo, yindlela yokuqala umdlalo ebholeni.
Uphawu lokukhatywa kwebhola ekhatywayo kukuba iqela elinye – 'iqela elikhabayo' – likhabela ibhola kwelinye iqela – 'iqela elamkelayo'.
Iqela elifumana ibhola ke ngoko linelungelo lokubuyisa ibhola, o.k.t., ukuzama ukufumana ibhola kangangoko linakho ukuya kwindawo yokugqibela yeqela elikhabayo (okanye likore uphume ezantsi), ade umdlali onebhola abe uwiswe liqela elikhabayo. okanye uya ngaphandle kwentsimi (ngaphandle kwemida).
Ukukhatywa kwebhola kuqalwa ekuqaleni kwesiqingatha ngasinye emva kokuba kufakwe amanqaku kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ekuqaleni kwexesha elongezelelweyo.
Umkhabi nguye onoxanduva lokukhaba ibhola kunye nomdlali ozama ukukora ebaleni.
Ibhola ekhatywayo isuka emhlabeni ibekwe phezu kwesibambi.
Umpu, okwakwaziwa ngokuba ngumdubuli, iflaya, headhunter, okanye ikamikaze, ngumdlali ofakwa ngexesha lokukhatywa kwebhola ekhatywayo kunye neepunti kwaye ogxile ekubalekeni ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ezantsi emacaleni ngelizama ukufumana ukukhaba okanye ukubuya kwepunt (funda malunga noku. ).ukujongana ngokuthe ngqo).
Injongo yomdlali we wedge buster kukubaleka kumbindi webala ekukhatyweni.
Luxanduva lwakhe ukuphazamisa udonga lwezithinteli ('iwedge') ukuthintela umdlali osemva kokukhaba ekubeni abe nomgaqo apho angenza imbuyekezo.
Ukuba yi-wedge buster yindawo eyingozi kakhulu njengoko ehlala ebaleka ngesantya esipheleleyo xa edibana nomntu ovimbayo.
Qalisa imbuyekezo
Xa kuqalwa umdlalo, iqela lokukhaba lokukhaba lomdlalo welinye iqela libe sebaleni.
Eyona njongo iphambili yokukhatywa kwebhola ekhatywayo kukufumana ibhola kufutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwindawo yokugqibela (okanye amanqaku ukuba kunokwenzeka).
Kuba apho i-kick off returner (KR) ikwaziyo ukuthwala ibhola kulapho umdlalo uza kuqala khona kwakhona.
Ukukwazi kweqela ukuqala ngokuhlaselayo kwindawo ebhetele kune-avareji yebala kwandisa kakhulu amathuba alo okuphumelela.
Oko kuthetha ukuba, xa usondela kumbindi wesiphelo, kokukhona iqela lifumana ithuba elingakumbi lokufumana i-touchdown.
Iqela elibuyayo lokukhabela kwibhola ekhatywayo kufuneka lisebenzisane kakuhle, kunye nomdlali obuyayo (i-KR) ezama ukuganga ibhola emva kokuba elinye iqela liye lakhaba ibhola, lize elinye iqela lilungise indlela ngokuvalela umdlali welinye icala.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukukhaba okunamandla kubangela ukuba ibhola iphele ekukhatyweni kwebhola kwindawo yokugqibela yeqela elibuyelayo.
Kwimeko enjalo, umdlali osemva kokukhaba akanyanzelekanga ukuba abaleke nebhola.
Endaweni yoko, unokubeka ibhola phantsi kwindawo yokuphela kwe 'touchback', kunye neqela lakhe elivumayo ukuqala ukudlala ukusuka kumgca we-20-yard.
Ukuba u-KR ubamba ibhola ebaleni lokudlala aze abuyele kwindawo yokugqibela, kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba uyayikhupha ibhola kwakhona.
Ukuba uwisiwe kwindawo yokugqibela, iqela elikhabayo lifumana ukhuseleko kwaye lifumana amanqaku amabini.
Iqela lokubetha
Kumdlalo webhola ekhatywayo, iqela elidlala ibhola ekhatywayo lidibana nebhola ekhatywayo ipunt zidweliswe malunga neeyadi ezili-15 emva kweziko.
Iqela elamkelayo - umdlali welinye icala - ukulungele ukuganga ibhola, kanye njengokukhatywa kwebhola.
Iziko lithatha ixesha elide ukuya kumdlali webhola ekhatywayo, othi ayibambe ibhola aze ayiqhumisele ebaleni.
Umdlali welinye icala oyibambayo ibhola unelungelo lokuzama ukuqhubela phambili ibhola kangangoko anako.
Inqaku lebhola lebhola ngokuqhelekileyo lenzeka kwi-4th phantsi xa uhlaselo aluphumelelanga ukufikelela kwindawo yokuqala ngexesha leenzame ezintathu zokuqala kwaye likwindawo engathandekiyo yokuzama iinjongo zentsimi.
Ngokobuchwephesha, iqela lingakhomba ibhola kuwo nawaphi na amanqaku aphantsi, kodwa oko kuya kuba luncedo oluncinci.
Isiphumo sokubaleka okuqhelekileyo kukuqala phantsi kweqela elifumanayo apho:
- umamkeli weqela elifumanayo uyabanjwa okanye aphumele ngaphandle kwemigca yebala;
- ibhola iphuma kwimida, nokuba ibaleka okanye emva kokubetha umhlaba;
- kukho ukuyiphatha ngokungekho mthethweni: xa umdlali weqela elikhabayo engumdlali wokuqala ukuyiphatha ibhola emva kokuba idubule ngaphaya komgca wekrikrim;
- okanye ibhola ifike yaphumla phakathi kwemigca yebala ingaphathwanga.
Ezinye iziphumo ezinokuthi zibekho zezokuba inqaku livalwe ngasemva komgca wekrikrini, kwaye ibhola iyachukunyiswa, kodwa ayibanjwa okanye ibanjwe, liqela eliyamkelayo.
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ibhola ke “ikhululekile” kwaye “iyaphila” kwaye iya kuba liqela eliya kuthi ekugqibeleni liyibambe ibhola.
Iqela elivimba/libuyisela iqela
Xa elinye lamaqela lilungele umdlalo wamanqaku, elinye iqela liza neqela lalo elivalayo/elibuyisela umva ebaleni.
Umbuyisi webhola ekhatywayo (PR) unikwe uxanduva lokuyinqanda ibhola emva kokuba ihlatyiwe kwaye anike iqela lakhe indawo entle yokufaka ibhola (okanye ukucofa phantsi ukuba kuyenzeka) ngokuyibuyisela ibhola.
Injongo ke ngoko iyafana nokukhatywa kwebhola ekhatywayo.
Phambi kokuyiganga ibhola, umbuyisi kufuneka ahlole imeko ebaleni ngelixa ibhola isemoyeni.
Kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba kuluncedo ngokwenene kwiqela lakhe ukubaleka nebhola.
Ukuba kubonakala ngathi umdlali welinye icala uya kuba kufutshane kakhulu kwi-PR ngexesha ebamba ibhola, okanye ukuba kubonakala ngathi ibhola iya kuphelela kwindawo yakhe yokugqibela, i-PR inokukhetha ukungadlali ngebhola. kwaye ukhethe enye yezi mbini zilandelayo endaweni yoko:
- Cela "ukubambisa ngokufanelekileyo" ngokujiwuzelisa ingalo enye ngaphezulu kwentloko yakhe phambi kokuyiganga ibhola. Oku kuthetha ukuba umdlalo uphela kwangoko akuba eyibambile ibhola; Iqela le-PR lizuza ulawulo lwebhola kwindawo ekubanjwe kuyo kwaye akukho zinzame zokuyibuyisela zinokwenziwa. Ukubamba okufanelekileyo kunciphisa ithuba lokuphuthaza okanye ukwenzakala kuba kuqinisekisa ukuba iPR ikhuselwe ngokupheleleyo. Umchasi kufuneka angachukumisi i-PR okanye azame ukuphazamisa ukubamba nangayiphi na indlela emva kokuba umqondiso wokubambisa ngokufanelekileyo unikiwe.
- Ukuyiphepha ibhola uyiyeke iwele emhlabeni† Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba ibhola ingena kumgca wokugqibela weqela lePR ukuze ikhuphe umva (apho ibhola ibekwe kumgca weeyadi ezingama-25 kwaye umdlalo uqale kwakhona ukusuka apho), iphumele ngaphandle kwemigca yebala okanye iphumle ebaleni. dlala kwaye 'uphantsi' ngumdlali weqela elihlabayo ("ukwehlisa ibhola" kuthetha ukuba umdlali ophethe ibhola uyeka intshukumo eya phambili ngokuguqa ngedolo elinye. Intshukumo elolo hlobo ibonisa ukuphela kwesenzo) .
Le yokugqibela yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo, njengoko isusa ngokupheleleyo ithuba lokuphuthaphutha kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba iqela lombuyisi liyayifumana ibhola.
Nangona kunjalo, ikwabonelela nethuba lokuba iqela elihlabayo libambe iqela le-PR nzulu kwindawo yalo.
Oku akunako ukunika iqela elibuyayo lebhola ekhatywayo indawo embi ebaleni, kodwa kunokukhokelela kukhuseleko (amanqaku amabini kumchasi).
Ukhuseleko lwenzeka xa umdlali ophethe iqela lokudlala ibhola ewisiwe okanye 'ehlisa ibhola' kwindawo yakhe yokugqibela.
Iqela lokukora ebaleni
Xa iqela lithatha isigqibo sokuzama ukufaka amanqaku ebaleni, iqela lokukora lebala lingena esenzweni kunye nabo bonke ngaphandle kwababini abadlali emgceni okanye kufutshane nomgca wekrikrini.
Umkhabi kunye nombambi (umdlali ofumana i-snapper kwi-snapper ende) bakude lee.
Endaweni yendawo eqhelekileyo, iqela linokuba ne-snapper ende, eqeqeshelwe ukukrazula ibhola kwiinzame zokukhaba kunye neepants.
Umbambi udla ngokuzibeka iiyadi ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezisibhozo emva komgca wekrikrim, umkhabi eziyadi ezimbalwa emva kwakhe.
Esakufumana i-snap, umbambi ubamba ibhola ame nkqo emhlabeni, aze athungwe asuke kumkhabi.
Umkhabi uqala intshukumo yakhe ngexesha le-snap, ngoko ke i-snapper kunye nomphathi banomda omncinci wempazamo.
Impazamo enye encinci inokuphazamisa lonke umzamo.
Kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lokudlala, xa ifika kumphathi, ibhola ibanjwa nokuba ngoncedo lwetiyi yerabha encinane (iqonga elincinane okubekwa kulo ibhola) okanye nje phantsi (ekholejini nakwinqanaba lobuchwephesha. ).
Umkhabi, onoxanduva lokukhatywa kwebhola ekhatywayo, ikwanguye nozama ukukora ibhola. Injongo yasebaleni ixabisa amanqaku ama-3.
Ukuvalela amanqaku ebaleni
Ukuba iqela lokukora lelinye ebaleni lisebaleni, elinye iqela elithintelayo liyasebenza.
Abadlali abakhuselayo beqela elithintele ibhola bazibeka kufutshane nombindi ogqatsa ibhola, kuba eyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokuya kumhlaba wokukora okanye kwiinzame ezongezelelweyo kukungena embindini.
Iqela elithintele ibhola ebaleni liqela elizama ukukhusela ibala lokukora kwaye lifuna ukuthintela ukoniwa ekufumaneni amanqaku ama-3.
Ibhola ikwiimitha ezisixhenxe ukusuka kumgca wekrikrini, okuthetha ukuba abadlali belinen kuya kufuneka banqumle le ndawo ukunqanda ukukhaba.
Xa ukhuselo luthintela ukukhaba kuhlaselo, banokuphinda bayibuyise ibhola baze bafumane iTD (amanqaku ama-6).
Isiphelo
Uyabona, iBhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika ngumdlalo onobuqili apho iindima ezithile ezithathwa ngabadlali zibaluleke kakhulu.
Ngoku uyazi ukuba yeyiphi indima enokuba yiyo, uya kujonga umdlalo olandelayo ngokwahlukileyo.
Ngaba uyafuna ukudlala iBhola yaseMelika ngokwakho? Qala ukuthenga eyona bhola ibalaseleyo yeBhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika phaya
