Kuluvuyo olukhulu ukubhala la manqaku abafundi bam, wena. Andiyamkeli intlawulo yokuphononongwa kokubhala, uluvo lwam kwiimveliso zezam, kodwa ukuba ufumanisa ukuba izindululo zam ziluncedo kwaye ugqibela ngokuthenga into ngenye yekhonkco endinokufumana ikhomishini kuyo. Olunye ulwazi
Iingozi ze (professional) umdlalo webhola wasemelika ibe ngumxholo oxoxwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Uphononongo lubonise amazinga aphezulu okuphazamiseka, ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu kunye nemeko enzima yobuchopho - i-chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) - kubadlali bangaphambili.
Ibhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika inokuba yingozi ngokwenene ukuba awuwathathi amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuthintela ukulimala okunje ngeengxubakaxaka kangangoko, njengokunxiba ukhuseleko olukumgangatho ophezulu, ukufunda iindlela ezichanekileyo zokulwa kunye nokukhuthaza ukudlala ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuba uthanda - njengam nje! – uthanda ibhola ekhatywayo kakhulu, andifuni ukoyikisa ngeli nqaku! Ke ngoko ndiza kukunika iingcebiso eziluncedo zokhuseleko ukuze uqhubeke nokudlala lo mdlalo umangalisayo ngaphandle kokuzibeka emngciphekweni.
Ukwenzakala kwengqondo kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Yintoni kanye kanye i-concussion - ungayinqanda njani - kwaye yintoni i-CTE?
Yiyiphi imigaqo etshintshileyo i-NFL ukwenza umdlalo ukhuseleke, kwaye ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zebhola?
Oko sixoxa ngako kule post ibanzi:
- 1 Ukwenzakala eMzimbeni kunye nemingcipheko yeMpilo kwiBhola yaseMelika
- 2 Ndingakuthintela njani ukungqubana kwebhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika?
- 3 Yintoni i-CTE (I-Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy)?
- 4 Imithetho emitsha yoKhuseleko lweNFL
- 5 Iinzuzo zokudlala ibhola yaseMelika
- 6 Izinto ezingalunganga zeBhola yaseMelika
- 7 Ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba adlale ibhola okanye hayi?
Ukwenzakala eMzimbeni kunye nemingcipheko yeMpilo kwiBhola yaseMelika
Ngaba ibhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika iyingozi? Sonke siyazi ukuba ibhola lebhola ngumdlalo onzima kunye nomzimba.
Nangona kunjalo, ithandwa kakhulu, ngakumbi eMelika. Kodwa lo mdlalo udlalwa ngakumbi ngaphandle kwe-United States.
Ayiphelelanga nje ekubeni baninzi iimbaleki ezithanda ukuziqhelanisa nalo mdlalo, abantu abaninzi bayakuthanda nokuwubukela.
Ngelishwa, ukongeza kumonzakalo womzimba abadlali abanokugcina, kukwakho nemingcipheko yezempilo ethe kratya ehambelana nomdlalo.
Cinga ngokwenzakala entloko kunye nokugruzuka, nto leyo enokukhokelela kungquzulwano olusisigxina yaye kwiimeko ezibuhlungu nokufa.
Kwaye xa abadlali begcina ukulimala kwentloko ngokuphindaphindiweyo, i-CTE inokuphuhlisa; I-encephalopathy ebuhlungu engapheliyo.
Oku kunokubangela isifo sengqondo esiyingozi kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kamva ebomini, kunye nokudakumba kunye nokuguquka kwemizwelo, okunokukhokelela ekuzibulaleni ukuba akunyangwa.
Yintoni Ukungqubuzana / Ukungqubuzana?
Ungquzulwano lwenzeka xa ingqondo ibetha ngaphakathi kukhakhayi ngenxa yokungqubana.
Okukhona amandla empembelelo enkulu, kokukhona iqaqanjelwa kakhulu.
Iimpawu zengxubakaxaka zinokuquka ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, iingxaki zenkumbulo, intloko ebuhlungu, ukuba luzizi, nokulahlekelwa zingqondweni.
Ingqungquthela yesibini ihlala ihamba kunye neempawu ezihlala ixesha elide kunezokuqala.
I-CDC (Amaziko oLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo) ibika ukuba ukufumana i-concussion engaphezu kweyodwa kunokubangela ukudandatheka, ukuxhalaba, ukunyanzeliswa, ukuguqulwa kobuntu, kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu we-Alzheimer's, i-Parkinson, i-CTE, kunye nezinye iingxaki zengqondo.
Ndingakuthintela njani ukungqubana kwebhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika?
Ukudlala imidlalo kuhlala kunomngcipheko, kodwa kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuthintela ukungqubana okunzulu kwibhola ekhatywayo.
Ukunxiba ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo
Izigcina-ntloko kunye nezikhuselo zomlomo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zinokunceda. Qinisekisa ukuba uhlala unxibe isigcina-ntloko esingena kakuhle kwaye sikwimeko entle.
Jonga amanqaku ethu nge ezona helmethi zintle, iipads zamagxa en abagcini bomlomo kwibhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika ukuzikhusela ngokusemandleni akho.
Ukufunda iindlela ezifanelekileyo
Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuba iimbaleki zifunde iindlela ezichanekileyo kunye neendlela zokuphepha ukubethelwa entloko.
Ukunciphisa ubungakanani bokudibana ngokomzimba
Okungcono, ewe, kukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa iitshekhi zomzimba okanye ukubanjwa.
Ngoko ke, nciphisa umlinganiselo wokuqhagamshelana nomzimba ngexesha loqeqesho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba abaqeqeshi beengcali bezemidlalo bakhona kukhuphiswano kunye neeseshoni zoqeqesho.
Ukuqesha abaqeqeshi beengcali
Abaqeqeshi kunye neembaleki kufuneka baqhubeke nokugcina imithetho yezemidlalo yokudlala ngokufanelekileyo, ukhuseleko kunye nokudlala.
Gcina iliso elibukhali kwiimbaleki ngexesha lemidlalo yokubaleka
Kwakhona, iimbaleki kufuneka zibekwe esweni ngeliso elibukhali ngexesha lemidlalo ebalekayo, ngakumbi iimbaleki indawo yokubaleka ngasemva.
Ukunyanzelisa imithetho kunye nokuphepha izenzo ezingakhuselekanga
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqwalaselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimbaleki ziyaziphepha izenzo ezingakhuselekanga ezinje: ukubetha enye imbaleki entloko (isigcina-ntloko), ukusebenzisa isigcina-ntloko sayo ukubetha omnye umdlali (i-helmet-to-helmet okanye i-helmet-to-body contact), okanye ukuzama ngabom. ukwenzakalisa enye imbaleki.
Yintoni i-CTE (I-Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy)?
Ingozi yebhola yebhola ibandakanya ukulimala kwentloko kunye neengqungquthela ezinokuthi zibangele umonakalo osisigxina wengqondo okanye, kwiimeko ezinzima, ukufa.
Abadlali abagcina ukulimala kwentloko ngokuphindaphindiweyo banokuhlakulela i-encephalopathy engapheliyo (CTE).
I-CTE yingxaki yengqondo ebangelwa kukulimala okuphindaphindiweyo kwentloko.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukuguquguquka kweemvakalelo, ukungakwazi ukucinga, ubundlobongela kunye nokudakumba, kunye nesifo sengqondo esiyingozi kamva ebomini.
Olu tshintsho lwengqondo luba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngamanye amaxesha lungabonakali kude kube ziinyanga, iminyaka, okanye amashumi eminyaka (amashumi eminyaka) emva kokulimala kokugqibela kwengqondo.
Abanye abadlali bangaphambili abane-CTE baye bazibulala okanye babulala.
I-CTE idla ngokufumaneka kwiimbaleki eziye zafumana ukulimala kwentloko ngokuphindaphindiweyo, njengabadlali bangaphambili, abadlali beHockey kunye nabadlali bebhola.
Imithetho emitsha yoKhuseleko lweNFL
Ukwenza ibhola lebhola laseMelika likhuseleke kubadlali be-NFL, iNational Football League iye yatshintsha imigaqo yayo.
Ukukhatywa kwebhola ekhatywayo kunye nokudlala emva kwebhola kuthathwe ukusuka kude, oosompempe (oosompempe) bangqongqo ekugwebeni ukuziphatha okungeyomidlalo kunye nokuyingozi, kwaye ngenxa ye-CHR i-helmet-to-helmet contact iyohlwaywa.
Umzekelo, ukukhatywa kwebhola ekhatywayo ngoku kuthathwa kumgca we-35 yeeyadi endaweni ye-30 yeeyadi, kwaye i-touchbacks endaweni ye-20 yeeyadi ngoku ithathwe kumgca we-25.
Imigama emifutshane iqinisekisa ukuba, xa abadlali bebaleka besiya komnye ngesantya, ifuthe lincinci.
Okukhona umgama mkhulu, kokukhona isantya sinokufumaneka.
Ukongeza, i-NFL iceba ukuqhubeka nokukhupha abadlali ababandakanyeka ekuziphatheni okungathandekiyo kwezemidlalo kunye nokuyingozi. Oku kufuneka kunciphise inani lokwenzakala.
Kukwakho nomgaqo 'wesithsaba se-helmet' (CHR), owohlwaya abadlali abadibana nomnye umdlali ngomphezulu wesigcina-ntloko sabo.
Isigcina-ntloko ukuya kunxibelelwano lwe-helmet luyingozi kakhulu kubadlali bobabini. Ngoku kukho isohlwayo seeyadi ezili-15 ngenxa yolu lwaphulo-mthetho.
Ndiyabulela kwi-CHR, i-concussions kunye nezinye iintloko kunye nokulimala kwentamo kuya kuncipha.
Nangona kunjalo, lo mgaqo omtsha ubuye ube ne-downside: abadlali ngoku baya kuba nakho ukujongana nomzimba ophantsi, onokunyusa umngcipheko wokulimala komzimba ophantsi.
Mna ngokwam ndiyakholelwa ukuba ukuba abaqeqeshi beqela lakho benza ukhuseleko lube yeyona nto iphambili kubo, baya kwenza konke abanako ukufundisa abadlali babo ubuchule bokuwisa obuchanekileyo ukuze banciphise inani lokonzakala kunye nokwenzakala kwaye baphucule ezemidlalo ngakumbi kumnandi ukuwugcina.
Ukuphucula iprotocol yeconcussion
Ukusukela ngasekupheleni kwe-2017, i-NFL iye yenze utshintsho oluninzi kwiprotocol yayo ye-concussion.
Ngaphambi kokuba olu tshintsho luqaliswe, umdlali oshiye ibala enokungqubuzana okunokwenzeka ukuba aphume ngaphandle komdlalo ngelixa evavanywa.
Ukuba ugqirha unokumxilonga ukuba ukhe waxhuzulazula, loo mdlali bekuya kufuneka ahlale ebhentshini de kuphele umdlalo de ugqirha amnike imvume yokuphinda adlale.
Le nkqubo ayisengomba.
Ukukhusela abadlali kangcono, umcebisi (ozimeleyo) we-neurotrauma (UNC) utyunjwe ngaphambi komdlalo ngamnye.
Nawuphi na umdlali obonisa ukunqongophala kozinzo lwemoto okanye ibhalansi iya kuvavanywa ngenxa yoko.
Kwakhona, abo badlali baye bavavanyelwa ukungquzulana ngexesha lomdlalo baya kuphinda bavavanywe kwiiyure ezingama-24 zovavanyo lokuqala.
Ekubeni ingcali izimele kwaye ayisebenzi kumaqela, yindlela efanelekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabadlali kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ngaba ufuna uphando olungakumbi malunga neengozi?
Kuyinyani ukuba abadlali bebhola basengozini enkulu yokulimala kwengqondo. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ayizondaba zimnandi ezo.
Nangona kunjalo, iincwadi ezininzi ziye zapapashwa kwi-Journal ye-Athletic Training echaza ukuba kusekho into eninzi engaziwayo malunga neengozi zeengxabano.
Kukho izifundo ezininzi malunga nalo mba, kodwa kuselithuba kakhulu ukuba ufikelele kwizigqibo ezibukhali.
Ngoko ke oku kuthetha ukuba akukho lwazi lwaneleyo lweyisela okwangoku olunokuthi umngcipheko mkhulu kakhulu, okanye ukudlala ibhola ekhatywayo kuyingozi ngakumbi kunezinye izinto esonwabela ukuzenza okanye ukuzenza yonke imihla—njengokuqhuba.
Iinzuzo zokudlala ibhola yaseMelika
Ibhola ekhatywayo ngumdlalo onokuthi ulunge ngakumbi okanye ube mhle kunokuba abantu abaninzi becinga.
Ukomelela kunye namandla owakha ngawo kukhuthaza impilo yakho yentliziyo.
Ibhola ekhatywayo inokuphucula ugxininiso lwakho kwaye ufunde ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukusebenzisana kweqela.
Uya kufunda ngobunkokeli, uqeqesho, ukujongana nokuphoxeka kunye nendlela yokuphucula inqobo yokusebenza kwakho.
Ibhola ekhatywayo ifuna iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoqeqesho ezifana nokubaleka, ukubaleka umgama omde, uqeqesho lwekhefu kunye noqeqesho lwamandla (ukuphakamisa ubunzima).
Ibhola ekhatywayo ikwangumdlalo ofuna yonke ingqalelo yakho kunye nokugxila ukuba uphumelele.
Ngokuchwechwela okanye ujongane nomntu, unokuphucula amandla akho okugxila, nto leyo eluncedo emsebenzini okanye ngexesha lezifundo zakho.
Umdlalo ukunyanzela ukuba ugxile kumsebenzi wakho. Ukuba awenzi njalo, unokuba 'lixhoba'.
Enyanisweni, awukwazi ukukwazi ukuhlala ulindile.
Ufunda ukujongana nexesha lakho, ngelahleko kunye nokuphoxeka kwaye ufunda ukuqeqeshwa.
Zonke ezi zizinto ezibaluleke gqitha, ingakumbi kubantu abaselula abasekuninzi ekufuneka bakufunde namava ebomini, yaye ngaloo ndlela kufuneka baqalise ukusebenzisa ezi zinto kwiimeko zokwenene zobomi.
Izinto ezingalunganga zeBhola yaseMelika
EUnited States, ngaphezu kwe-2014 yokulimala kwebhola lebhola esikolweni esiphakamileyo senzeke phakathi kwe-2015-500.000 unyaka wesikolo, ngokutsho kweSifundo seSizwe esiPhakamileyo seMidlalo yeSizwe esiPhakamileyo.
Lo ngumba omkhulu ekufuneka uqwalaselwe ngokukhawuleza zizikolo nabaqeqeshi kukhuseleko lwabadlali.
Kwi-2017, amawaka abadlali bebhola ekhatywayo abaqeqeshiweyo bavuma ukulungiswa kunye ne-National Football League malunga neemeko ezinzulu zempilo ezinxulumene neengqungquthela.
Lo ngumba ekudala bewulwela kwaye ekugqibeleni uyavuza. Nangona siwenza ngokukhuselekileyo umdlalo, ungowo kwaye uhlala ungumdlalo oyingozi.
Kudla ngokuba ngumceli mngeni ukuba amaqela agqibe isizini ngaphandle kokwenzakala kwabantu.
Ukungalungi kwebhola kukulimala okunokubangela.
Olunye ukwenzakala okuqhelekileyo lubandakanya i-ankle e-sprained, i-hamstring ekrazukileyo, i-ACL okanye i-meniscus, kunye ne-concussions.
Kukhe kwakho iimeko apho abantwana baye benzakala entloko ngenxa yokubanjwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni.
Ibuhlungu ke loo nto kwaye mayingaze yenzeke.
Ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba adlale ibhola okanye hayi?
Njengomzali, kubalulekile ukwazi ubungozi bebhola ekhatywayo.
Ibhola ekhatywayo ayingomntu wonke kwaye ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe ukuba unomonakalo wobuchopho, kufuneka uxoxe nogqirha ukuba bubulumko na ukuvumela umntwana wakho aqhubeke nokudlala ibhola.
Ukuba unyana wakho okanye intombi yakho ithanda ukudlala ibhola, qiniseka ukuba ulandela iingcebiso ezikweli nqaku ukuze unciphise iingozi zempilo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho usemncinci, ibhola yeflegi mhlawumbi yeyona ndlela ingcono.
Ibhola ekhatywayo yeflegi luguqulelo olungaqhagamshelwanga lwebhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika kwaye yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokwazisa abantwana (kunye nabantu abadala) kwibhola ekhatywayo ngeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo.
Kukho umngcipheko obandakanyekayo ekudlaleni ibhola ekhatywayo, kodwa ndicinga ukuba yiloo nto eyenza lo mdlalo ube mnandi.
Ukuba ubunokukhupha yonke imingcipheko, ngenene ubuya kususa uninzi lwesizathu esibangela ukuba ithandeke kangaka kubantu abaninzi, iphambene njengoko isenokuvakala.
Ndikwacebisa ukuba ujonge amanqaku am malunga eyona giya yebhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba akonwabele umdlalo awuthande kakhulu kuye ngokukhuselekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka!
