Ndiri nemufaro mukuru kuti ndinyore izvi zvinyorwa zvevaverengi vangu, imi. Ini handigamuchire mubhadharo wekunyora wongororo, maonero angu pazvigadzirwa ndeangu, asi kana iwe ukaona zvandinokurudzira zvichibatsira uye unozopedzisira watenga chimwe chinhu kuburikidza nechimwe chezvibatanidzo ini chinga gashira komisheni pane izvo. Mamwe mashoko
Chii chinonzi quarterback American Football? Mumwe wevatambi vakanyanya kukosha, mutambi, anotungamira mutsara unogumbura uye anoita sarudzo dzinopfuura kune vakafara vanogamuchira uye kumhanya kumashure.
Neaya matipi iwe unogona zvakare kuve akanaka quarterback.
Zvatinokurukura mune ino yakazara posvo:
Chakavanzika kuseri kweQuarterback chakafumurwa
Chii chinonzi Quarterback?
A quarterback mutambi ari chikamu chechikwata chinogumbura uye anoita semutambi. Ivo vanowanzotaridzirwa semutungamiriri wechikwata uye mutambi akakosha, sezvo vachifanirwa kupasa zvine mutsindo kune vanogamuchira vakafara uye vanomhanya kumashure.
Hunhu hweQuarterback
- Chikamu chevatambi vanoumba mutsara wekugumburisa
- Gadzirisa zvakananga kuseri kwepakati
- Inogovanisa mutambo nekupfuura kune yakafara vanogamuchira uye inomhanya kumashure
- Inosarudza nzira yekurwisa
- Signals izvo kurwisa zano kutamba
- Kazhinji anoonekwa segamba
- Anoverengwa semutambi akakosha pachikwata
Mienzaniso yeQuarterback
- Joe Montana: Mutambi mukuru weAmerican Soccer wenguva dzese.
- Steve Mudiki: Akajairika "wese-American mukomana" akazara nekunyemwerera kwemazino.
- Patrick Mahomes: Mudiki quarterback ane tarenda rakawanda.
Quarterback Inoshanda Sei?
Quarterback anosarudza kurega timu yake ichimhanya, kutamba kwechimbichimbi, kuwana mayadhi, kana kuisa panjodzi yekupfuura-refu, mutambo unopfuura. Chero mutambi anogona kubata bhora (kusanganisira quarterback kana bhora rakaunzwa kuseri kwemutsara). Kudzivirirwa kunorongwa mumitsara mitatu. Quarterback ine masekonzi manomwe ekukanda bhora.
Vamwe vatambi muchikwata
- Anogumbura Linemen: Blocker. Vatambi vashoma vashanu kuchengetedza quarterback kubva pakuchaja vadziviriri sezvaanomira kuti apfuure.
- Runningback: Mumhanyi. Chikwata chimwe nechimwe chine chepuraimari chinotevera. Anopihwa bhora nequarterback oenda naro.
- Wide Receivers: Vagamuchiri. Vanobata maquarterback's pass.
- Makona uye Chengetedzo: Vanodzivirira. Vanovhara zvakafara vanogamuchira uye vanoedza kumisa quarterback.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi quarterback?
Nhabvu yeAmerica ndeimwe yemitambo inozivikanwa kwazvo muUnited States. Asi chii chaizvo basa re quarterback? Muchikamu chino, tichatsanangura muchidimbu zvinoita quarterback.
Chii chinonzi Quarterback?
A quarterback ndiye mutungamiri wechikwata muAmerican nhabvu. Iye ane basa rekuita mitambo uye kutungamira vamwe vatambi. Ndiye zvakare ane basa rekukanda pasi kune vanogamuchira.
Mabasa eQuarterback
A quarterback ane mabasa akati wandei panguva yemutambo. Pazasi pane mashoma emabasa akanyanya kukosha:
- Kuita mitambo inotaridzwa nemurairidzi.
- Kudzora vamwe vatambi munhandare.
- Kukanda mapepa kune vanogamuchira.
- Kuverenga kudzivirira uye kuita sarudzo dzakakodzera.
- Kutungamira timu uye nekukurudzira vatambi.
Iwe unova sei quarterback?
Kuti uve quarterback, unofanirwa kugona zvinhu zvakati. Iwe unofanirwa kuve nehunyanzvi hwekuita uye nekunzwisisa kwakanaka kwemitambo yakasiyana. Iwe unofanirwawo kuve mutungamiri akanaka uye unokwanisa kukurudzira timu. Uyezve, iwe unofanirwa zvakare kuve nekwaniso yakanaka yekuverenga dziviriro uye kuita sarudzo dzakakodzera.
Mhedziso
Se quarterback, iwe uri mutungamiri wechikwata muAmerican Nhabvu. Iwe une basa rekumhanyisa mitambo, kutungamira vamwe vatambi, kukanda mapasi kune vanogamuchira uye kuverenga kudzivirira. Kuti uve quarterback, unofanirwa kuve nehunyanzvi hwekuita uye nekunzwisisa kwemitambo yakasiyana. Iwe unofanirwawo kuve mutungamiri akanaka uye unokwanisa kukurudzira timu.
Mutungamiriri wemunda: quarterback
Basa re quarterback
Iyo quarterback inowanzova chiso cheboka reNFL. Vanowanzofananidzwa nevakuru vemimwe mitambo yezvikwata. Vasati vaitwa vatungamiri vechikwata muNFL muna 2007, yekutanga quarterback yaiwanzova mutungamiri wechikwata che de facto uye mutambi anoremekedzwa kunze nekubuda kwemunda. Kubva 2007, apo NFL yakabvumira zvikwata kuti zvigadze vatungamiri vakasiyana-siyana sevatungamiri munhandare, yekutanga quarterback inowanzova mumwe wevatungamiri vechikwata semutungamiri wekutamba anogumbura.
Nepo yekutanga quarterback isina mamwe mabasa kana chiremera, zvichienderana neligi kana timu yega, vane mabasa akati wandei, akadai sekutora chikamu mumitambo isati yatanga, kukanda mari, kana zvimwe zviitiko zvekunze kwemutambo. Semuenzaniso, wekutanga quarterback ndiye mutambi wekutanga (uye munhu wechitatu mushure memuridzi wechikwata uye murairidzi mukuru) kuhwina Lamar Hunt Trophy/George Halas Trophy (mushure mekuhwina zita reAFC/NFC Conference) uye Vince Lombardi Trophy (mushure mekunge Super Bowl kuhwina). Yekutanga quarterback yechikwata chinohwina cheSuper Bowl inowanzosarudzirwa "Ndiri kuenda kuDisney World!" mushandirapamwe (unosanganisira rwendo rwekuenda kuWalt Disney World kwavari nemhuri dzavo), vangave vari Super Bowl MVP kana kwete. ; mienzaniso inosanganisira Joe Montana (XXIII), Trent Dilfer (XXXV), Peyton Manning (50), uye Tom Brady (LIII). Dilfer akasarudzwa, kunyangwe waaishanda naye Ray Lewis aive MVP weSuper Bowl XXXV, nekuda kwekushambadzwa kwakashata kubva mukutongwa kwake kwemhondi gore rakapfuura.
Kukosha kwe quarterback
Kukwanisa kuvimba nequarterback kwakakosha kune timu morale. San Diego Chargers kuchengetedza Rodney Harrison akadana mwaka wa1998 kuti "zvinotyisa" nekuda kwekutamba kwakashata naRyan Leaf naCraig Whelihan uye, kubva kurookie Leaf, maitiro asina kunaka kune vaanoshanda navo. Kunyange kutsiva kwavo Jim Harbaugh naErik Kramer vanga vasiri nyeredzi muna 1999, mutambi wemutsetse Junior Seau akati, "Haugone kufungidzira kuchengetedzeka kwatinoita sevatambi vechikwata ichi, tichiziva kuti isu tine maquarterbacks maviri akatamba muligi rino uye anoziva maitiro ekuita. kuzvibata sevatambi uye sevatungamiriri”.
Vatsinhanisi vakacherekedza "kukosha kusingaenzaniswi" kwe quarterback, vachiitsanangura se "inokudzwa - uye yakaongororwa - chinzvimbo" mumitambo yechikwata. Zvinotendwa kuti "hapana imwe nzvimbo mumutambo inotsanangura mazwi emutambo zvakanyanya" se quarterback, ingave ine maitiro akanaka kana akaipa, nokuti "munhu wose anoenderana nezvinogona uye hazvigoni kuita. , zvinogumbura, munhu wese anoita kune chero kutyisidzira kana kusatyisidzira iyo quarterback ina. Zvimwe zvese ndezvechipiri”. "Zvinogona kupokana kuti quarterback ndiyo inonyanya kupesvedzera chinzvimbo mumitambo yetimu, sezvo achibata bhora kunenge kuri kuedza kwese kunogumbura kwemwaka mupfupi kupfuura baseball, basketball kana hockey - mwaka uyo mutambo wese wakakosha." Zvikwata zveNFL zvinogara zvichibudirira (semuenzaniso, kutaridzika kwakawanda kweSuper Bowl mukati menguva pfupi) zvakanangidzirwa pane imwechete yekutanga quarterback; iyo chete yakasara yaiva Washington Redskins pasi pemurairidzi mukuru Joe Gibbs uyo akakunda matatu Super Bowls ane matatu akasiyana ekutanga quarterbacks kubva 1982 kusvika 1991. Mazhinji eawa maDynasties eNFL akapera nekuenda kwekota yavo yekutanga.
Mutungamiriri wedziviriro
Pakudzivirira kwechikwata, mutsetse wepakati anoonekwa se "quarterback of the defense" uye kazhinji ndiye mutungamiriri anodzivirira, sezvo anofanirwa kunge akangwara sezvaanoita zvemitambo. Iyo yepakati linebacker (MLB), dzimwe nguva inozivikanwa se "Mike," ndiyo chete mukati memutsara mutsetse pane iyo 4-3 purogiramu.
Iyo Backup Quarterback: Tsananguro Pfupi
Iyo Backup Quarterback: Tsananguro Pfupi
Paunofunga nezvezvinzvimbo mugridiron nhabvu, iyo backup quarterback inowana yakawanda shoma nguva yekutamba pane yekutanga. Nepo vatambi vari mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda vachitenderera kakawanda panguva yemutambo, yekutanga quarterback inowanzoramba iri munhandare mumutambo wese kuti ipe hutungamiriri hunoenderana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe yekutanga backup inogona kuenda mwaka wese pasina kurwiswa zvine musoro. Kunyange zvazvo basa ravo rekutanga riripo pakaitika kukuvara kune anotanga, quarterback yebackback inogonawo kuva nemamwe mabasa, akadai semubati panzvimbo yekukanda kana se punter, uye kazhinji anoita basa rinokosha mukudzidzisa, pamwe naye. kuve mupikisi arikuuya panguva yezvibodzwa zvesvondo rapfuura.
Iyo Two-Quarterback System
Nharo yequarterback inomuka kana timu iine maquarterbacks maviri anokwanisa kukwikwidza chinzvimbo chekutanga. Semuenzaniso, murairidzi weDallas Cowboys Tom Landry akachinjanisa Roger Staubach naCraig Morton pane imwe neimwe mhosva, achitumira maquarterbacks nekufona kunogumbura kubva parutivi; Morton akatanga muSuper Bowl V, iyo timu yake yakarasikirwa, ukuwo Staubach akatanga uye akahwina Super Bowl VI gore rakatevera. Kunyange zvazvo Morton akatamba nguva yakawanda yemwaka we1972 nekuda kwekukuvara kwaStaubach, Staubach akatora basa rekutanga sezvo akatungamirira Cowboys mukukunda kwekudzoka shure uye Morton akazotengeswa; Staubach naMorton vakatarisana muSuper Bowl XII.
Matimu anowanzo kuunza anokwanisa backup quarterback kuburikidza negwaro kana kutengeserana, semakwikwi kana anogona kutsiva anogona kutyisidzira yekutanga quarterback (ona maviri-quarterback system pazasi). Semuenzaniso, Drew Brees akatanga basa rake neSan Diego Charger, asi boka racho rakatorawo Philip Rivers; pasinei neBrees pakutanga kuchengetedza basa rake rekutanga uye kuva Mutambi Wekudzoka Kwegore, haana kunyorerwa zvakare nekuda kwekukuvara uye akabatana neNew Orleans Saints semumiriri wemahara. Brees neRwizi vese vakasiya basa muna 2021, imwe neimwe ichishanda sekutanga kweVatendi neMachaja, zvichiteerana, kweanopfuura makore gumi. Aaron Rodgers akanyorwa neGreen Bay Packers semutsivi weramangwana waBrett Favre, kunyangwe Rodgers akashanda semubatsiri kwemakore mashoma kuti akurudzire zvakakwana kuti timu imupe basa rekutanga; Rodgers pachake aizosangana nemamiriro akafanana muna 2020 apo maPackers akasarudza quarterback Jordan Rudo. Saizvozvo, Patrick Mahomes akasarudzwa neKansas City Chiefs kuti azopedzisira atsiva Alex Smith, wekupedzisira achida kushanda semurairidzi.
Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zve quarterback
Mutambi anonyanya kuita zvakasiyana-siyana panhandare
Quarterbacks ndivo vatambi vanonyanya kuita zvakasiyana panhandare. Havasi ivo chete vane basa rekukanda mapasi, asiwo kutungamira timu, kushandura mitambo, kuita zvinonzwika, uye kutamba mabasa akasiyana.
Holder
Zvikwata zvakawanda zvinoshandisa backup quarterback semubati pakick yenzvimbo. Izvi zvine mukana wekuita kuti zvive nyore kuita chinangwa chemumunda chemanyepo, asi varairidzi vazhinji vanosarudza punters sevabati nekuti vane nguva yakawanda yekudzidzira nemutambi.
Wildcat Formation
Mukuumbwa kweWildcat, uko halfback iri kuseri kwepakati uye quarterback iri kunze kwemutsara, iyo quarterback inogona kushandiswa seyakagashira chinangwa kana blocker.
Kukanha nokukurumidza
Basa risingawaniki kune quarterback ndeyekukora bhora iye pachake, mutambo unozivikanwa sekukurumidza kick. Denver Broncos quarterback John Elway akaita izvi pane dzimwe nguva, kazhinji apo Broncos yakasangana nemamiriro echitatu-uye-refu. Randall Cunningham, wekoreji All-America punter, aizivikanwawo kurova bhora apo neapo uye akasarudzwa semutambi wenguva dzose kune mamwe mamiriro.
Danny White
Kutsigira Roger Staubach, Dallas Cowboys quarterback Danny White aive zvakare mutsigiri wechikwata, achivhura mikana yemurairidzi Tom Landry. Achitora basa rekutanga mushure mekusiya basa kwaStaubach, White akabata chinzvimbo chake semutambi wechikwata kwemwaka akati wandei — basa rakapetwa kaviri raakaita padanho reAll-American paArizona State University. Muchena zvakare aive neaviri touchdown reception seDallas Cowboy, ese ari maviri kubva kune halfback sarudzo.
Zvinonzwika
Kana ma quarterbacks asina kugadzikana nekuumbwa kwedziviriro iri kushandisa, vanogona kudaidza shanduko inonzwika kumutambo wavo. Semuenzaniso, kana quarterback yakarairwa kuita mutambo wekumhanya asi ichinzwa kuti dziviriro yakagadzirira blitz, iyo quarterback inogona kuda kuti mutambo uchinje. Kuti uite izvi, quarterback inodanidzira kodhi yakakosha, yakadai se "Blue 42" kana "Texas 29," ichiudza mhosva kuti ichinje kune imwe yekutamba kana kuumbwa.
Spike
Quarterbacks inogona zvakare "spike" (kukanda bhora pasi) kumisa nguva yepamutemo. Semuenzaniso, kana timu iri kumashure kwechinangwa chemunda uye kwasara masekonzi chete, quarterback inogona kupinza bhora kudzivirira kupera nguva yekutamba. Izvi zvinowanzobvumira timu yechinangwa chemumunda kuti iuye kumunda kana kuedza kupasa kwekupedzisira Rumbidzai Mary.
Dual kutyisidzira quarterbacks
A dual-threat quarterback ane hunyanzvi uye muviri wekumhanya nebhora kana zvichidikanwa. Nekubuda kweanoverengeka blitz-inorema kudzivirira zvirongwa uye nekuwedzera kukurumidza kudzivirira, kukosha kweiyo mobile quarterback kwakatsanangurwa patsva. Nepo simba reruoko, kurongeka, uye kuvapo kwehomwe - kugona kushanda zvinobudirira kubva "muhomwe" yakaumbwa nevavharidzi vake - zvichiri zvakakosha zvequarterback hunhu, kugona kunzvenga kana kumhanya kubva kune vanodzivirira kunopa kuchinjika mukupfuura. - uye kumhanya mutambo we chikwata.
Dual-threat quarterbacks yakagara ichinyanya kuwanda padanho rekoreji. Kazhinji, quarterback ine kukurumidza kunoshamisa inoshandiswa mune imwe sarudzo yemhosva, ichibvumira quarterback kupfuudza bhora, kumhanya iye, kana kukanda bhora kune anomhanya kumashure anozovavhara kunze. Iyi fomu yemhosva inomanikidza vadziviriri kuti vazvipire pakumhanya kudzoka pakati, quarterback kumativi, kana kumhanya kumashure kunotevera quarterback. Ipapo ndipo chete iyo quarterback ine "sarudzo" yekukanda, kumhanya, kana kupasa bhora.
The History of the Quarterback
Zvakatanga sei
Nzvimbo yequarterback yakadzokera kuchikamu chekupedzisira chezana ramakore re19, apo zvikoro zveAmerican Ivy League zvakatanga kutamba mubatanidzwa werugby kubva kuUnited Kingdom nekumisikidza kwavo pamutambo. Walter Camp, mutambi ane mukurumbira uye mutambi werugby paYale University, akakurudzira kuti mutemo uchinje pamusangano wa1880 wakagadzira mutsara wekunyora uye wakabvumira nhabvu kuti ipfurwe pa quarterback. Shanduko iyi yakagadzirirwa kubvumira zvikwata kuronga kutamba kwazvo zvine hungwaru uye kuchengetedza kuve nebhora zviri nani pane zvaigoneka mumhirizhonga yescrum murugby.
Iko kushanduka
Mukuumbwa kweCamp, "quarter-back" ndiye akapfura bhora netsoka yemumwe mutambi. Pakutanga, akanga asingabvumirwi kufamba achipfuura mutsara wokunyora. Muchimiro chekutanga chenguva yeCamp, pakanga paine mana "kumashure" zvinzvimbo, aine tailback iri kure kumashure, ichiteverwa neyakakwana, halfback, uye quarterback padyo nemutsara. Sezvo quarterback yakanga isingabvumirwe kumhanya ichipfuura mutsara wekunyora, uye kupfuudza kusati kwagadzirwa, basa ravo rekutanga raive rekugamuchira snap kubva pakati uye nekukasira kupfuudza kana kukanda bhora kumashure kana halfback kusvika famba.
The evolution
Kukura kwekupfuura kwepamberi kwakashandura basa requarterback zvakare. Quarterback akazodzoserwa pabasa rake semutambi wekutanga weiyo snap mushure mekuuya kweT-formation mhosva, kunyanya pasi pekubudirira kweaimbova muswe webapiro, uye gare gare T-formation quarterback, Sammy Baugh. Chisungo chekugara kuseri kwemutsara wekunyora chakazodzoserwa munhabvu yevarume vatanhatu.
Kuchinja mutambo
Kuchinjana pakati peavo vakapfura bhora (kazhinji pakati) nequarterback pakutanga kwaive kwakaoma nekuti kwaisanganisira kukava. Pakutanga, nzvimbo dzakapa bhora bhora diki, ndokurisimudza ndokuripfuudza kune quarterback. Muna 1889, Yale centre Bert Hanson akatanga kubata bhora pasi kusvika pa quarterback pakati pemakumbo ake. Gore rakatevera, shanduko yemutemo yakaitwa zviri pamutemo kuita kupfura bhora nemaoko pakati pemakumbo zviri pamutemo.
Ipapo zvikwata zvaigona kusarudza kuti ndeipi mitambo yavaizomhanya nayo nekukurumidza. Pakutanga, makaputeni ezvikwata zvepakoreji akapiwa basa rekudaidza mitambo, kusaina nemacode aishevedzera kuti ndevapi vatambi vaizomhanya nebhora uye kuti varume vari pamutsetse vaifanira kuvhara sei. Yale akazoshandisa zvinoonekwa, kusanganisira gadziridzo kune kaputeni kaputeni, kudaidza mitambo. MaCenter aikwanisawo kusaina mitambo zvichibva pakurongeka kwebhora risati ratorwa. Nekudaro, muna 1888, Princeton University yakatanga kufona mitambo ine masaini enhamba. Iyo system yakabata uye quarterbacks vakatanga kuita sevatungamiriri uye varongi vemhosva.
Misiyano
Quarterback Vs Running Back
Quarterback ndiye mutungamiri wechikwata uye ane basa rekumhanyisa mitambo. Anofanira kukwanisa kukanda bhora nesimba uye nemazvo. Kumhanya kumashure, kunozivikanwawo sehalfback, inotenderedza zvese. Anomira kumashure kana padivi pe quarterback uye anozviita zvese: kumhanya, kubata, kuvharira uye kukanda nguva nenguva. Iyo quarterback ndiyo linchpin yechikwata uye inofanirwa kukwanisa kukanda bhora nesimba uye nemazvo. Iyo yekumhanyisa kumashure ndeye versatility mupakeji. Anomira kumashure kana padivi pe quarterback uye anozviita zvese: kumhanya, kubata, kuvharira uye kukanda nguva nenguva. Muchidimbu, quarterback ndiyo linchpin yechikwata, asi kumhanya kumashure ndiyo inotenderera!
Quarterback Vs Cornerback
The quarterback ndiye mutungamiri wechikwata. Ndiye ane basa rekuita mitambo uye kutungamira vamwe vese vechikwata. Anofanira kukanda bhora kune vanogamuchira uye nekumhanya kumashure, uye anofanirawo kuramba akatarisa kune anopikisa kudzivirira.
Mudziviriri wekona ndiye mudziviriri ane mutoro wekudzivirira vanopikisa vanogamuchira. Anofanira kutora bhora kana quarterback akarikanda kune anogamuchira, uye anofanirawo kubata kumashure ekumhanya. Anofanirwa kuve akasvinura uye anokwanisa kuita nekukurumidza kumisa kurwiswa kweanopikisa.
Mhedziso
Chii chinonzi quarterback muAmerican Soccer? Mumwe wevatambi vanonyanya kukosha pachikwata, mutambi, uyo anoumba mutsara unogumbura uye anoita sarudzo dzinopfuura kune dzakafara dzinogamuchira uye dzinomhanya kumashure.
Asi kune vamwewo vatambi vakawanda vakakosha kuchikwata. Kufanana nevatambi vekumashure vanotakura bhora nevatambi vakawanda vanotambira mapasi.
