Mapeto a Mpira waku America: Mbiri, zigoli & mikangano

Zone yomaliza ndi yomwe ili Mpira wa ku America, koma mumadziwanso MMENE imagwirira ntchito, ndipo mizere yonse ndi ya chiyani?

Mapeto a mpira waku America ndi gawo lofotokozedwa mbali zonse za gawo lomwe mumasewera bal uyenera kulowa kuti ugole. Pokhapokha m'magawo omaliza omwe mungathe kupeza mapointi ponyamula mpira mkati kapena kulowetsa zigoli.

Ndikufuna ndikuuzeni ZONSE za izi ndiye tiyambe ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Ndiye ndipita mwatsatanetsatane.

Mapeto a Masewera a Mpira

Bwalo la mpira lili ndi zigawo ziwiri zomaliza, imodzi mbali iliyonse. Magulu akasinthana mbali, amasinthanso malo omwe akuteteza. Mfundo zonse zomwe zagoledwa mu Mpira zimachitika kumapeto, mwina kuzinyamulira pamzere wa zigoli mukakhala ndi mpira, kapena kuponya mpira pazigoli zomwe zili kumapeto.

Kugoletsa mu End Zone

Ngati mukufuna kugoletsa mu Mpira, muyenera kunyamula mpira pamwamba pa zigoli pomwe muli ndi mpira. Kapena mutha kukankha mpirawo m'malo omaliza. Ngati mutero, mwagoletsa!

Chitetezo cha Mapeto Zone

Poteteza malo omaliza, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti timu yotsutsanayo isanyamule mpira pamwamba pa zigoli kapena kuuponya pazigoli. Muyenera kuyimitsa otsutsa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti sapeza mapointi.

End Zone Switch

Magulu akasinthana mbali, amasinthanso malo omwe akuteteza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuteteza mbali ina yamunda. Izi zitha kukhala zovuta, koma ngati muzichita bwino, mutha kuthandiza gulu lanu kupambana!

Momwe zone yomaliza idapangidwira

Kuyambitsa pass pass

Kupita kutsogolo kusanaloledwe mu mpira wa gridiron, cholinga ndi mapeto a munda zinali zofanana. Osewera adagoletsa chimodzi kugunda pochoka pamunda kudutsa mzerewu. Zigoli zidayikidwa pamzere wa zigoli, ndipo kukankha kulikonse komwe sikunapange chigoli cham'munda koma kukatuluka kumapeto kumajambulidwa ngati touchback (kapena, mumasewera aku Canada, osakwatiwa; inali nthawi yanthawi yomaliza yomwe isanachitike. Hugh Gall adayika mbiri ya osakwatiwa ambiri pamasewera, ndi eyiti).

Kuyambitsa zone yomaliza

Mu 1912, gawo lomaliza linayambitsidwa mu mpira waku America. Panthawi yomwe mpira waukatswiri unali utangoyamba kumene ndipo mpira waku koleji unkalamulira masewerawa, kukulitsidwa kwabwalo kunali kochepa chifukwa matimu ambiri aku koleji adasewera kale m'mabwalo otukuka bwino okhala ndi ma bleachers ndi zida zina kumapeto kwa m'minda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukulitsidwa kulikonse kosatheka m'masukulu ambiri.

Kugwirizana kunafika pamapeto pake: Mayadi 12 a malo omaliza adawonjezedwa kumapeto kwa gawo lililonse, koma izi zisanachitike, bwalo lamasewera lidafupikitsidwa kuchokera pamayadi 110 mpaka 100, ndikusiya kukula kwake kwamunda motalika pang'ono kuposa kale. Zigoli poyamba zidasungidwa pamzere wa zigoli, koma zitayamba kusokoneza masewera, zidabwerera kumapeto mu 1927, komwe adakhalabe ku koleji kuyambira pamenepo. National Soccer League idasuntha zigoli kubwerera pamzere wa zigoli mu 1933, kenako kubwerera kumapeto mu 1974.

Zone yomaliza ya Canada

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Monga mbali zina zambiri za mpira wa gridiron, mpira waku Canada udatengera njira yopita patsogolo komanso yomaliza mochedwa kwambiri kuposa mpira waku America. Kupita patsogolo ndi zone yomaliza zidayambitsidwa mu 1929. Ku Canada, mpira wa m’makoleji sunafike pa mlingo wa kutchuka wofanana ndi wa mpira wa ku koleji wa ku America, ndipo mpira waukatswiri unali udakali wachichepere m’ma 1920. Chotsatira chake chinali chakuti mpira wa ku Canada unali kuseŵeredwabe chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1920 m’mabwalo akale.

Mfundo inanso inali yakuti Canadian Rugby Union (bungwe lolamulira la Canadian Football panthaŵiyo, lotchedwa Football Canada) linkafuna kuchepetsa kutchuka kwa mfundo imodzi (panthaŵiyo yotchedwa rouges) m’maseŵerawo. Chifukwa chake, CRU idangowonjezera madera omaliza a mayadi 25 kumapeto kwa gawo lomwe lilipo la 110, ndikupanga bwalo lalikulu kwambiri. Popeza kusuntha mizati ya zigoli mayadi 25 kungapangitse kuti kugoletsa zigoli kumunda kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, ndipo popeza CRU sinafune kuchepetsa kutchuka kwa zigoli zam'munda, mizati ya zigoli idasiyidwa pamzere wa zigoli pomwe idakali lero.

Komabe, malamulo okhudza kugoletsa anthu osakwatiwa adasinthidwa: matimu amayenera kukankha mpira kuchokera kumapeto kapena kukakamiza timu yolimbana nayo kuti igwetse mpira wokhomedwa m'malo awo kuti apeze mfundo. Pofika m’chaka cha 1986, mabwalo a masewera a CFL akukulirakulira ndi kutukuka mofanana ndi anzawo aku America pofuna kuyesetsa kukhalabe opikisana pazachuma, CFL inachepetsa kuya kwa malo omalizira kufika mayadi 20.

Kugoletsa: Momwe Mungapezere Kukhudza

Kupeza Touchdown

Kuwotcha touchdown ndi njira yosavuta, koma zimatengera pang'ono finesse. Kuti mugonjetse, muyenera kunyamula kapena kugwira mpirawo uli mkati mwa endzone. Mukanyamula mpira, ndi chigoli ngati mbali iliyonse ya mpirayo ili pamwamba kapena kupitirira gawo lililonse la mzere wa zigoli pakati pa ma cones. Kuphatikiza apo, muthanso kugoletsa kutembenuka kwa mfundo ziwiri pambuyo pa touchdown pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyo.

Potsiriza Frisbee

Ku Ultimate Frisbee, kugoletsa chigoli ndikosavuta. Muyenera kumaliza chiphaso mu endzone.

Kusintha kwa malamulo

Mu 2007, National Football League inasintha malamulo ake kuti zikhale zokwanira kuti wonyamulira mpira agwire kondomu kuti awone kugunda. Mpira uyeneradi kulowa mu endzone.

Miyeso ya Malo Otsiriza a Mpira Waku America

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mpira waku America ndiwongoponya mpira, mukulakwitsa! Pali zambiri pamasewera kuposa pamenepo. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pa mpira waku America ndi gawo lomaliza. Malo omalizira ndi malo omwe ali ndi ma cones kumbali zonse ziwiri za munda. Koma kodi miyeso ya malo omalizira ndi yotani?

American Football End Zone

Mu mpira waku America, malo omalizira ndi mayadi 10 kutalika ndi mayadi 53 ⅓ m'lifupi (mamita 160). Pali ma pyloni anayi pa ngodya iliyonse.

Canadian Football End Zone

Mu mpira waku Canada, malo omaliza ndi mayadi 20 kutalika ndi mayadi 65 m'lifupi. Zaka za m'ma 1980 zisanafike, malo otsiriza anali mayadi 25 kutalika. Bwalo loyamba logwiritsa ntchito malo omaliza a mayadi 20 linali BC Place ku Vancouver, lomwe linamalizidwa mu 1983. BMO Field, bwalo lanyumba la Toronto Argonauts, lili ndi malo omaliza a mayadi 18. Monga anzawo aku America, madera omaliza aku Canada amakhala ndi ma cones anayi.

Ultimate Frisbee End Zone

Ultimate Frisbee amagwiritsa ntchito zone yomaliza yomwe ili mayadi 40 m'lifupi ndi mayadi 20 kuya (37 m × 18 m).

Chifukwa chake ngati mutapeza mwayi wopita nawo kumasewera a Mpira waku America, tsopano mukudziwa ndendende kukula kwake komwe kumathera!

Kodi Kumapeto Zone Ndi Chiyani?

The Endline

Mzere womaliza ndi mzere womwe uli kumapeto kwenikweni kwa chigawo chomaliza chomwe chimasonyeza m'mphepete mwa munda. Ndi mzere womwe muyenera kuponyera mpirawo kuti mugunde.

Chigoli

Mzere wa zolinga ndi mzere womwe umalekanitsa munda ndi malo otsiriza. Mpira ukawoloka mzerewu, ndi kugunda pansi.

The Sidelines

Mizere yam'mbali imachokera kumunda kupita kumalo otsiriza, komanso iwonetseni kunja kwa malire. Kuponya mpira pamwamba pa mizere iyi ndi chinthu chachilendo.

Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kugoletsa, muyenera kuponyera mpirawo kumapeto, mzere wa zigoli komanso mbali. Ngati muponya mpira pamwamba pa mizere iyi, ndiye kuti palibe malire. Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kugoletsa, muyenera kuponyera mpirawo kumapeto, mzere wa zigoli komanso mbali. Zabwino zonse!

The Goalpost

Kodi positi yagoli ili kuti?

Malo ndi makulidwe a positi amasiyana malinga ndi ligi, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala mkati mwa malire a zoni yomaliza. M'masewero am'mbuyo a Mpira wa Mpira (onse akatswiri komanso a koleji), positi ya zigoli idayambira pamzere wa zigoli ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala bala yooneka ngati H. Masiku ano, pazifukwa zachitetezo cha osewera, pafupifupi zigoli zonse mumasewera a mpira waku America ndi makoleji zili zooneka ngati T ndipo zili kunja kwa madera onse omalizira; Zomwe zidawonedwa koyamba mu 1966, zigolizi zidapangidwa ndi Jim Trimble ndi Joel Rottman ku Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Zigoli ku Canada

Zolemba ku Canada zidakali pamzere wa zigoli osati kuseri kwa madera omalizira, mwa zina chifukwa kuchuluka kwa zoyeserera kukhoza kuchepa kwambiri ngati nsanamirazo zibwezeredwa m'mayadi 20 pamasewerawo, komanso chifukwa malo okulirapo komanso okulirapo. field imapangitsa kusokoneza komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuseweredwa kwa goli kukhala vuto locheperako.

Zigoli za kusekondale

Si zachilendo kusukulu yasekondale kuwona nsanamira za zolinga zambiri zomwe zili ndi zigoli za Mpira pamwamba ndi ukonde wa Mpira pansi; izi nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa m'masukulu ang'onoang'ono komanso m'mabwalo amasewera amitundu yambiri komwe malo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masewera angapo. Zigoli zooneka ngati H zikagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Mpira, m'munsi mwa nsanamirazo zimakutidwa ndi mphira wokhuthala wa masentimita angapo kuteteza chitetezo cha osewera.

Zokongoletsa pa American Football Field

Logos ndi mayina a timu

Magulu ambiri akatswiri ndi akuyunivesite ali ndi logo yawo, dzina la timu, kapena zonse zojambulidwa kumbuyo kwa endzone, ndi mitundu yamagulu yomwe imadzaza kumbuyo. Mpikisano wambiri wamakoleji ndi akatswiri komanso masewera a bowling amakumbukiridwa ndi mayina a magulu otsutsana omwe amajambulidwa mu imodzi mwama endzones otsutsana. M'magulu ena, pamodzi ndi masewera a mbale, othandizira masewera a m'deralo, boma, kapena mbale amathanso kuika zizindikiro zawo kumapeto. Mu CFL, ma endzones opakidwa utoto kwathunthu kulibe, ngakhale ena ali ndi logo ya makalabu kapena othandizira. Kuonjezera apo, monga gawo la mpira wamoyo, endzone ya ku Canada nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mikwingwirima (yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mayadi asanu aliwonse), mofanana ndi munda womwewo.

Palibe zokongoletsa

M'malo ambiri, makamaka masukulu ang'onoang'ono a sekondale ndi makoleji, ma endzone amakhala osakongoletsa, kapena amakhala ndi mizere yoyera yoyera motalikirana mayadi angapo, m'malo mwa mitundu ndi zokongoletsera. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwapamwamba kwambiri pamapangidwe awa ndi a Notre Dame Fighting Irish, omwe adapenta ma endzones onse ku Notre Dame Stadium ndi mizere yoyera yozungulira. Mu mpira waukatswiri, a Pittsburgh Steelers a NFL kuyambira 2004 adapenta malo akumwera ku Heinz Field ndi mizere yozungulira nthawi zambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa Heinz Field, yomwe ili ndi bwalo la udzu wachilengedwe, ndi kwawonso kwa Pittsburgh Panthers ya mpira waku koleji, ndipo zolembazo zimathandizira kusinthana pakati pa magulu awiriwa ndi ma logo. Pambuyo pa nyengo ya Panthers, logo ya Steelers imajambulidwa kumapeto kwenikweni.

Zitsanzo zapadera

Chimodzi mwazizindikiro zazikulu za American Soccer League chinali kugwiritsa ntchito njira zachilendo monga argyle kumapeto kwake, mwambo womwe unayambikanso mu 2009 ndi a Denver Broncos, omwe kale anali gulu la AFL. XFL yoyambirira idasinthira mabwalo ake osewera kuti magulu ake asanu ndi atatu onse akhale ndi minda yofananira yokhala ndi logo ya XFL kumapeto kulikonse komanso osazindikirika timu.

Mkangano Wachigawo Chomaliza: Nkhani ya Sewero

Zingawoneke zosavuta, koma pakhala pali mikangano yambiri yozungulira malo otsiriza. Mkangano waposachedwa mu NFL unachitika pamasewera a Seattle Seahawks - Detroit Lions mu nyengo yokhazikika ya 2015. Mikango idatsala pang'ono kubwereranso kotala lachinayi motsutsana ndi Seahawks, ndikuyendetsa ku Seattle kumapeto kwa zone.

Seattle adatsogolera ndi mfundo zitatu, ndipo mikango idayendetsa galimoto kuti igunde. Mkango wa wolandila lonse Calvin Johnson anali ndi mpira pomwe amalowera pamzere wa zigoli ndipo chitetezo cha Seattle Kam Chancellor adagwedeza mpirawo kutangotsala pang'ono kumaliza.

Panthawiyo, mikango ikadayambiranso mpirawo, ukanakhala kugunda, kumaliza kubwereranso kosatheka. Komabe, Seattle linebacker KJ Wright adayesetsa dala kumenya mpirawo kunja kwa zone yomaliza, kulepheretsa kugunda kwa Detroit.

Kumenya dala mpira kunja kwa zone yomaliza ndikuphwanya malamulo, koma oweruza, makamaka woweruza kumbuyo Greg Wilson, amakhulupirira kuti zomwe Wright anachita sizinali mwadala.

Palibe zilango zomwe zidayitanidwa ndipo kukhudzanso kudayitanidwa, kupatsa mpira ku Seahawks pamzere wawo wa 20-yard. Ali kumeneko, akanatha kuthamangira koloko mosavuta n’kupewa kudabwa.

Kubwereza Kuwonetsa Zochita Mwadala

Komabe, ma replays adawonetsa kuti Wright adagunda mpirawo mwadala kuchokera kumapeto. Kuitana koyenera kukadakhala kupatsa mikango mpira pamalo opupuluma. Akadakhala ndi chiwopsezo choyamba, chifukwa gulu lomwe likuwukira limakhala loyamba ngati gulu lodzitchinjiriza lili ndi mlandu, ndipo mwayi ndi womwe ukadakhala nawo.

KJ Wright Akutsimikizira Kuchita Mwadala

Coup de gras ndikuti Wright adavomera kuti adamenya mpira mwadala kuchokera kumalo omaliza masewerawa atatha.

"Ndinkangofuna kumenya mpirawo kuchokera kumapeto osayesa kuwugwira ndi kuwuphonya," Wright adauza atolankhani atatha masewerawo. "Ndinkangoyesera kuti ndisamuke bwino timu yanga."

Mpira: Kodi End Zone ndi chiyani?

Ngati simunamvepo za End Zone, musadandaule! Tikufotokozerani zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa za malo odabwitsa awa pabwalo la mpira.

Kodi End Zone ndi yayikulu bwanji?

Malo Otsiriza nthawi zonse amakhala mayadi 10 kuya kwake ndi mayadi 53,5 m'lifupi. M'lifupi bwalo lonse la mpira nthawi zonse ndi mayadi 53,5 m'lifupi. Malo osewerera, malo omwe zochitika zambiri zimachitika, ndi kutalika kwa mayadi 100. Pali Malo Omaliza mbali zonse za malo osewerera, kotero kuti bwalo lonse la Mpira ndi mayadi 120 kutalika.

Kodi zigoli zili kuti?

Zigoli zili kuseri kwa End Zone kumapeto kwa mizere. Chaka cha 1974 chisanafike, zigoli zinali pamzere wa zigoli. Koma pazifukwa zachitetezo ndi chilungamo, zigoli zasunthidwa. Chifukwa chomwe mizati ya zigoli inali pa mzere wa zigoli chinali chifukwa oponya mpira ankavutika kuti athe kuponya zigoli ndipo masewero ambiri adatha ali ofanana.

Kodi mumapeza bwanji touchdown?

Kuti igonjetse, timu imayenera kudutsa mpirawo pamwamba pa mzere wa zigoli. Chifukwa chake ngati mutapeza mpira ku End Zone, mwagoletsa! Koma samalani, chifukwa ngati mutaya mpira ku End Zone, ndikukhudzanso ndipo wotsutsa adzalandira mpirawo.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi Mipando Yomaliza Ndi Yabwino Pamasewera Ampira Aku America?

Mipando yomaliza ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yochitira masewera a mpira waku America. Muli ndi mawonekedwe apadera a masewerawa ndi zochitika zozungulira. Mukuwona zimbalangondo zamphamvu zikumenyana wina ndi mzake, quarterback akuponya mpira ndipo othamanga amayenera kuzemba masewero a timu yotsutsa. Ndi chiwonetsero chomwe simungapeze kwina kulikonse. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuwerengera mapointi kuchokera pampando wanu wakumapeto, chifukwa mutha kuwona pamene kukhudza kwagoletsa kapena chigoli chakumunda chikuwomberedwa. Mwachidule, mipando yomaliza ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yochitira masewera a mpira waku America.

Kutsiliza

Inde, madera omalizira si gawo lofunika kwambiri pamasewera a mpira waku America, amakongoletsedwanso bwino ndi ma logo a makalabu ndi zina zambiri.

PLUS ndipamene mumavina kuvina kwanu kopambana!

Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa wa referee.eu ndi wotsatsa malonda, bambo ndipo amakonda kulemba zamitundu yonse yamasewera, komanso adasewera masewera ambiri kwa moyo wake wonse. Tsopano kuyambira 2016, iye ndi gulu lake akhala akupanga zolemba zothandiza ma blog kuti athandize owerenga okhulupirika pamasewera awo.