Boxing: Mbiri, Mitundu, Malamulo, Zovala ndi Chitetezo

nkhonya ndimasewera odabwitsa, koma kwenikweni adachokera kuti? Ndipo kodi ndikukwapula pang'ono kapena pali zochulukirapo kwa izo (chidziwitso: pali zambiri kwa izo)?

nkhonya ndi njira yaukadaulo masewera ankhondo komwe mumapanga nkhonya zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kumagawo osiyanasiyana molondola, pomwe nthawi yomweyo muyenera kutsekereza kapena kupewa kuukira. Mosiyana ndi maphunziro ena ambiri omenyera nkhondo, imagogomezeranso kusintha kwa thupi kudzera mu sparring, kukonzekera thupi kumenya nkhondo.

M'nkhaniyi ndikuuzani zonse zokhudza nkhonya kuti mudziwe mbiri yeniyeni.

Luso lankhondo la nkhonya

Boxing, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti pugilistics, ndi masewera olimbana nawo omwe amaphatikizapo kuzindikira mphete, kulumikizana kwa mapazi, maso ndi manja, komanso kulimbitsa thupi. Otsutsa awiri amayesa kupeza mfundo pomenyana pazifukwa zolondola kapena kupambana kugogoda (KO). Pachifukwa ichi mumafunika mphamvu zonse ndi liwiro lalikulu kuti mugunde mdani wanu mwamphamvu komanso mwachangu. Kuwonjezera pa nkhonya zamwambo za amuna, palinso mpikisano wa nkhonya wa amayi.

Malamulo a nkhonya

nkhonya ili ndi malamulo angapo omwe muyenera kutsatira. Kuwombera kokha kapena nkhonya ndi nkhonya yotsekedwa pamwamba pa lamba ndizololedwa. Zimaletsedwanso kuwerama pansi pa lamba wa mdani wake, kulimbana, kugwedezeka, kupachika zingwe za mphete, kukweza mwendo, kumenya kapena kumenya, kupereka matako amutu, kuluma, kupereka maondo, kumbuyo. za kumenya mutu ndi kulimbana ndi mdani pamene ali 'pansi'.

Maphunziro a mpikisano

Masewera ankhonya amachitika mozungulira kangapo kwa mphindi zingapo. Kuchuluka kwa maulendo ndi mphindi zimatengera mtundu wa mpikisano (katswiri, akatswiri ndi/kapena mpikisano). Masewero aliwonse amatsogozedwa ndi woweruza komanso ma jury amapereka ma point. Amene agogoda (KO) wotsutsa kapena kusonkhanitsa mfundo zambiri ndiye wopambana.

magawo

Osewera nkhonya amateur agawidwa m'magawo khumi ndi amodzi olemera:

• Kulemera kwa ndege: mpaka 48 kg
• Kulemera kwa ndege: mpaka 51 kg
• Kulemera kwa Bantam: mpaka 54 kg
• Kulemera kwa nthenga: mpaka 57 kg
• Kulemera kwake: mpaka 60 kg
• Welterweight wopepuka: mpaka 64 kg
• Welterweight: mpaka 69 kg
• Middleweight: mpaka 75 kg
• Semi-heavyweight: mpaka 81 kg
• Kulemera kwake: mpaka 91 kg
• Kulemera Kwambiri: 91+ kg

Ankhonya azimayi amagawidwa m'magulu khumi ndi anayi:

• Mpaka 46 kg
• Mpaka 48 kg
• Mpaka 50 kg
• Mpaka 52 kg
• Mpaka 54 kg
• Mpaka 57 kg
• Mpaka 60 kg
• Mpaka 63 kg
• Mpaka 66 kg
• Mpaka 70 kg
• Mpaka 75 kg
• Mpaka 80 kg
• Mpaka 86 kg

Ankhonya akuluakulu agawidwa m'magulu anayi: N kalasi, C kalasi, B kalasi ndi A kalasi. Kalasi iliyonse ili ndi ngwazi yake mu gulu lililonse lolemera.

Akatswiri ankhonya amagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa: flyweight, superflyweight, bantamweight, superbantamweight, featherweight, superfeatherweight, lightweight, superlightweight, welterweight, superwelterweight, middleweight, supermiddleweight, half heavyweight, super halfheavyweight, heavyweight, superheavyweight, cruiseweight, ndi heavycruiseweight.

Momwe Boxing Inayambira

Chiyambi

Nkhani ya nkhonya imayamba m'dziko la Sumer, pafupifupi zaka chikwi cha 3 Kristu asanabadwe. Kalelo inali njira yotulukirabe, nthawi zambiri munthu kwa munthu. Koma Agiriki akale atagonjetsa dzikolo, ankaganiza kuti ndi masewera osangalatsa. Mkulu wa m’derali anakonza zamasewera kuti asilikali asamayende bwino.

Kutchuka Kumakula

Masewera a nkhonya anayamba kutchuka kwambiri pamene mayiko ena monga Mesopotamiya, Babuloniya ndi Asuri adatulukiranso. Koma masewerawa adangoyamba kutchuka pomwe Aroma adazindikiranso. Akapolo achigiriki ankayenera kumenyana wina ndi mnzake ndipo amene anapambana sanalinso kapolo. Choncho asilikali achiroma anatengera kalembedwe ka Agiriki.

Ring ndi Magolovesi

Aroma anapanga mpheteyo kuti ipange malo abwino, omasuka. Iwo anatulukiranso magolovesi a nkhonya, chifukwa akapolo achigiriki ankavutika ndi manja awo. Magolovesiwo anali opangidwa ndi zikopa zolimba. Mukadakhala ndi mwayi kwambiri, mfumu imathanso kukumasulani, mwachitsanzo chifukwa chamasewera anu kwa mdani wanu.

Kwenikweni, nkhonya ndi masewera akale omwe akhalapo kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Anayamba ngati njira yotulutsira mpweya, koma yakula kukhala masewera otchuka omwe amachitidwa ndi anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Aroma adathandizira pang'ono popanga magolovesi a mphete ndi nkhonya.

Mbiri ya nkhonya zamakono

Chiyambi cha nkhonya zamakono

Pamene Aroma anatopa ndi nkhondo ya Gladiator, anayenera kubwera ndi chinachake kuti asangalatse khamu la anthu. Munthu wina wakale wa ku Russia anapanga malamulo a nkhonya amene tsopano tikuwadziŵa monga nkhonya ya ku Russia. Pamene nkhondo ya lupanga ndi Gladiator inachoka m'mafashoni, kumenyana kwa manja kunabwereranso. Inakhala yotchuka kwambiri ku England chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 16.

Malamulo a nkhonya zamakono

Jack Broughton anatulukira malamulo a nkhonya zamakono. Iye ankaona kuti n’zomvetsa chisoni munthu akamwalira m’bwalo la mphete, choncho anakhazikitsa lamulo lakuti ngati munthu ali pansi patatha masekondi makumi atatu osadzuka, machesi amayenera kutha. Izi ndi zomwe mumatcha Knock-Out. Ankaganizanso kuti payenera kukhala woyimbira milandu komanso kuti pazikhala magulu osiyanasiyana. Ngati mpikisano sunathe pambuyo pa maulendo 12, oweruza adawonjezeredwa.

Kukula kwa nkhonya zamakono

Poyambirira zonse zimaloledwa mu mphete, monga mu Thai boxing kapena Kickboxing. Koma Jack Broughton adadza ndi malamulo kuti akhale otetezeka. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri ankamuseka, malamulo ake anakhala muyezo wa nkhonya zamakono. Masewera adakonzedwa ndipo wopambana woyamba anali James Figg. Mpikisano woyamba wojambulidwa unachitika pa Januware 6, 1681 pakati pa abwanamkubwa awiri.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhonya

Masewera a nkhonya

Masewera a nkhonya amateur ndi masewera omwe mumalimbana ndi magolovesi ndi mutu. Maseŵerawa amakhala ndi maulendo awiri kapena anayi, omwe ndi ochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi akatswiri ankhonya. Bungwe la Amateur Boxing Association (ABA) limapanga mpikisano wamasewera, momwe amuna ndi akazi amatenga nawo mbali. Ngati mutagunda pansi pa lamba mudzaletsedwa.

Professional nkhonya

nkhonya zaukatswiri ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa nkhonya zamasewera. Masewerawa amakhala ndi maulendo 12, pokhapokha ngati kugogoda kwachitika. M'mayiko ena, monga Australia, maulendo atatu kapena 3 okha amaseweredwa. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 4, kunalibe maulendo okwera kwambiri, kunali "Kumenyana mpaka kufa".

Osewera nkhonya amafunikira kuvala magolovesi ankhonya komanso zovala zina zotsatira malamulo. Chipewa cha nkhonya ndichofunikira kwa osewera nkhonya. M'mipikisano yankhonya ya Olimpiki, ndikofunikira kuvala zoteteza mutu ndi magolovesi ovomerezeka ndi AIBA. Osewera nkhonya amafunikiranso kuvala zoteteza pakamwa poteteza nsagwada ndi mano. Ma bandeji amalimbikitsidwanso kulimbikitsa manja ndi kuteteza mafupa ofunikira m'manja.

Magolovesi apadera amathumba amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomenyana, omwe ndi aakulu pang'ono komanso amphamvu kuposa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa. Magolovesi ampikisano nthawi zambiri amalemera 10 oz (0,284 kg). Nsapato zapadera za nkhonya ndizoyeneranso kwa osewera ampikisano kuti ateteze akakolo.

Malamulo a nkhonya: zomwe mungachite ndi zomwe simuyenera kuchita

Zomwe mungachite

Mukamasewera nkhonya, mutha kungomenya kapena kukhomerera ndi nkhonya yanu yotseka pamwamba pa lamba.

Zoyenera kuchita

Zotsatirazi ndizoletsedwa mu nkhonya:

• Pindani pansi pa lamba wa mdani
• Kumamatira
• kulimbana
• Swing
• Gwirani zingwe mphete
• Kwezani mwendo
• Kumenya kapena kukankha
• Kumutu
• Kuluma
• Kupereka bondo
• Menyani kumbuyo kwa mutu
• Kuukira mdani yemwe ali pansi.

nkhonya ndi masewera ovuta, choncho onetsetsani kuti mumatsatira malamulowa mukalowa m'bwalo!

Chololedwa ndi chiyani mu mphete?

Mukamaganizira za nkhonya, mwina mumaganizira za gulu la anthu akumenya nkhonya. Koma pali malamulo angapo oti muzitsatira mukalowa mu mphete.

Zomwe mungachite

• Kumenya kapena nkhonya ndi nkhonya yanu yotsekedwa pamwamba pa lamba ndizololedwa.
• Mutha kutsutsa mdani wanu ndi zovina zingapo.
• Mutha kunyozera mdani wanuyo kuti muchepetse kusamvana.

Zoyenera kuchita

• Kuluma, kumenya, kukankha, kupereka mawondo, kumenya mutu kapena kukweza miyendo.
• Kugwira zingwe mphete kapena kugwira mdani wanu.
• Kulimbana, kugwedezeka kapena kuwukira pamene mdani wanu ali pansi.

Momwe masewera a nkhonya amayendera

nkhonya ndi masewera omwe amaphatikizapo zambiri kuposa kungomenya nkhonya. Pali malamulo ndi njira zingapo zomwe muyenera kutsatira kuti masewera a nkhonya apitirire. Pansipa tikufotokoza momwe masewera a nkhonya amayendera.

Zozungulira ndi mphindi

Kuzungulira ndi mphindi zingati kumadalira mtundu wa machesi. M'masewera a nkhonya amateur nthawi zambiri pamakhala maulendo atatu a mphindi ziwiri, pomwe mumasewera a nkhonya amamenyedwa 3.

Woyimbira mlandu

Mpikisano uliwonse wa nkhonya umatsogozedwa ndi woweruza yemwe amaima mubwalo ndi otenga nawo mbali. Woyimbira mlandu ndi amene amayang'anira masewerawo ndikukhazikitsa malamulo.

nduna

Palinso bwalo lamilandu lomwe limapereka mphoto kwa osewera nkhonya. Woponya nkhonya yemwe amatolera mapointi ambiri kapena kugwetsa (KO) wotsutsa ndiye wopambana.

Bokosi pointer

M'maseŵera ankhonya osaphunzira, "box-pointer" imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Iyi ndi makompyuta omwe amawerengera mfundo pamene oweruza akugunda bokosi lawo la boxer inayake (kona yofiira kapena yabuluu). Ngati oweruza angapo akakamiza nthawi imodzi, mfundo imaperekedwa.

Wochuluka

Ngati kusiyana kwa mfundo zozungulira komaliza kuli kwakukulu kuposa 20 kwa amuna kapena kupitirira 15 kwa akazi, masewerawa adzayimitsidwa ndipo womenyana naye "adzachuluka".

Mukufuna chiyani pamasewera a nkhonya?

Ngati mukufuna kukhala katswiri wankhonya, mufunika zida zapadera. Nawu mndandanda wazinthu zofunika zomwe muyenera kuwonetsa luso lanu la nkhonya:

magolovesi ankhonya

Magolovesi a nkhonya ndi ofunikira ngati mukufuna nkhonya. Amateteza manja anu ndi manja anu kuti asawonongeke. Osewera nkhonya amayenera kuvala chisoti cha nkhonya, pomwe osewera nkhonya omwe akupikisana nawo mumasewera a nkhonya a Olimpiki amayenera kuvala magolovesi ovomerezeka ndi AIBA ndi alonda akumutu.

woteteza pakamwa

Pang'ono ndi ovomerezeka pamene nkhonya. Zimateteza nsagwada ndi mano anu kuti asawonongeke.

Bandage

Kugwiritsa ntchito bandeji kumalimbikitsidwa pamasewera a nkhonya. Zimathandiza kulimbikitsa manja anu komanso kuteteza mafupa ofunikira m'manja mwanu.

Chikwama magolovesi

Zoyeserera pa thumba lomwe muli nalo mufunika magolovesi achikwama apadera (ovoteredwa bwino apa). Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu komanso zamphamvu kuposa magolovesi omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pamipikisano.

Menyani magolovesi

Magolovesi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polimbana. Ndi zazikulu komanso zamphamvu kuposa magolovesi omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pamipikisano. Nthawi zambiri, magulovu oboola ndi zingwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azikhala bwino.

nsapato za nkhonya

Nsapato za nkhonya ndizovomerezeka kwa osewera ampikisano. Amateteza akakolo anu kuti asawonongeke.

Ngati muli ndi zinthu izi, mwakonzeka kuponya bokosi! Musaiwale kuti mutha kupezanso zambiri zamakalasi olemera patsamba la Wikipedia.

Kuvulala kwaubongo mu nkhonya

Ngakhale kuti nkhonya ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yokuthandizani kuti mukhale wathanzi, ndi masewera omwe mungavulale. Kumenyedwa pafupipafupi kumatha kuwononga ubongo wanu kosatha. Kusokonezeka maganizo ndi kusokonezeka kwa ubongo ndiko kuvulala kofala kwambiri. Kukangana sikumayambitsa kuwonongeka kosatha, koma kusokonezeka kwaubongo kumatha. Osewera nkhonya omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chovulala kokhazikika chifukwa chomenyedwa pafupipafupi.

Bungwe la American Medical Association ndi British Medical Association onse apempha kuti masewero a nkhonya aletsedwe chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa kuvulala kwa ubongo. Bungwe la American Academy of Neurology lawonetsanso kuti ochita masewera a nkhonya ali pachiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.

Kusiyana

Boxing vs Kickboxing

Boxing ndi kickboxing ndi masewera ankhondo awiri omwe ali ndi zofanana zambiri. Amagwiritsa ntchito njira ndi zipangizo zofanana, koma kusiyana kwakukulu kuli mu malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito ziwalo za thupi. Mu nkhonya mumaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito manja anu okha, pamene mu kickboxing mapazi anu ndi shins amaloledwanso. Mu kickboxing mumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi njira yamiyendo, monga kumenya pang'ono, kukankha kwapakati komanso kumenya kwambiri. Mutha kukwera mu nkhonya, koma osati mu kickboxing. Simuloledwanso kumenya nkhonya pansi pa lamba mu nkhonya ndipo simuloledwa kumenya munthu kumbuyo kwa mutu. Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kuchita masewera ankhondo, muli ndi chisankho pakati pa nkhonya kapena kickboxing. Koma ngati mukufunadi kuphulika, ndiye kuti kickboxing ndi njira yopitira.

Kutsiliza

Chifukwa chake nkhonya simasewera WABWINO, koma masewera olimbana nawo mwanzeru momwe kuzindikira kwa mphete, kulumikizana kwa mapazi, maso ndi manja, ndi momwe zilili pakati.

Ngati mukuganiza zoyambitsa kapena kungofuna kuwonera, tsopano mwapeza ulemu wambiri kwa othamanga awiri omwe ali mu mphete.

Werenganinso: awa ndi mitengo yabwino kwambiri ya nkhonya kuti muwongolere luso lanu

Joost Nusselder, woyambitsa wa referee.eu ndi wotsatsa malonda, bambo ndipo amakonda kulemba zamitundu yonse yamasewera, komanso adasewera masewera ambiri kwa moyo wake wonse. Tsopano kuyambira 2016, iye ndi gulu lake akhala akupanga zolemba zothandiza ma blog kuti athandize owerenga okhulupirika pamasewera awo.